tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-57036043492851312202024-02-08T09:31:59.518-08:00Writing on papertesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.comBlogger104125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-10636976491856563422020-08-23T02:05:00.001-07:002020-08-23T02:05:12.069-07:00Natsume Soseki’s Kokoro tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-17576950763658239242020-08-21T23:47:00.001-07:002020-08-21T23:47:27.999-07:00Team sport refers to games or sports playedGroup activities have been related with the improvement of youngsters as well as even grown-ups. In any case, a few pundits consider group activities as not constantly valuable to kids particularly when ââ¬Å"winningâ⬠is accentuated more than having some good times (Hedstrom and Gould, 2004). In any case, the significance of group activities in juvenile improvement is generally fixated on the versatile aptitudes related with pre-adult group activity athletes.Team sport alludes to games or sports played by gatherings of various groups, including explicit principles, to accomplish a particular objective through communication and aggregate exertion among individuals from the equivalent team.Although it additionally includes rules and the accomplishment of explicit destinations, group activity is exceptionally discernable from singular games regarding the aggregate exertion required from its individuals. In contrast to singular games, group activities don't accentuate singular gre atness. Instances of group activities include: soccer, ball, football, baseball, hockey and volleyball. Singular games include: tennis, swimming, boxing and hand to hand fighting (Team sport, 2006).It is critical to take note of that distinctive group activities are not quite the same as one another as far as rules, which likewise makes every one not quite the same as another regarding the exercises in question and how champs are resolved. In darts for instance, the players and adversaries don't really need to play simultaneously and at a similar board (Team sport, 2006).In this game, players are not required to play at the same time yet likewise with all games, the score is the thing that issues and victors are controlled by the summation of scores of players of a similar group. Any game as long as it includes aggregate exertion among colleagues is viewed as a group activity. This careful nature of group activities is accepted to help in the improvement of its players.This paper pl ans to give an outline of how group activities add to the advancement of the center school juvenile. In this manner, standards on center school brain research are coordinated to all the more likely comprehend the relationship of group activities and development.The human condition, similar to the wild, includes so much clash, tumult and issues which may emerge by interrelationships between various components that may or as a rule may not be constrained by man. However, in contrast to the wild, whose occupants; principle objective is essential endurance, people are outfitted with reason which managed them freedom.And with this opportunity lies the obligation and the necessity for the individuals to think innovatively and all the more seriously, making endurance progressively complex for people. This can be seen in a wide range of settings in manââ¬â¢s social condition, for example, the home, school and the work environment. As it were, the human condition is loaded up with pressur e and it is significant for everybody to have the option to deal with it viably (Sports and Teenagers: Can Parents Handle it Effectively? 2006).It is incomprehensible for any one individual not to encounter worry in all his years. Stress is normal and omnipresent. An individual, regardless of how shielded and secured he might be will encounter being worried sooner or later in his life. tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-32076428677202981172020-07-14T06:06:00.001-07:002020-07-14T06:06:03.215-07:00Understanding The Contemporary Context Of Housing - The Emergence OfUnderstanding The Contemporary Context Of Housing - The Emergence Of Understanding The Contemporary Context Of Housing - The Emergence Of Problems And Policies In The â" Assignment Example > Low Demand in Housing Private MarketIntroductionLow demand in the housing private market is the inability of constructed houses being able to attract anyone willing to dwell in them. In the worst form the houses are abandoned completely as people or tenant look for accommodation or resident elsewhere. In the housing policy of Britain the matter has been viewed as a challenge that has been created by the council housing, where important estates, blocks or areas have come to be labeled as âdifficult-to-letâ. This challenge was first noticed in 1974 and highlighted as a major problem in the housing sector. The problem was characterized by empty and abandoned buildings, high turnover and abnormal sales and low house prices (Cole Nevin, 2004). Causes of low demand in housingAccording to Leather et al. (2007), the fundamental factor that is a direct result of low demand is the poor perception or tainted reputation of areas, antisocial behavior and crime. Poor quality environment and conditions, design and type of estate or housing are of middle level significance. Equal observation is applicable to general surplus in housing that it has been pointed out in almost half of cases at neighborhood level in every tenure sector. Leather et al (2007) adds that there exist a big level of similarity between factors causing low demand in housing that are considered commonly important in both the social and private sector. Nevertheless, some differences are striking. Dwelling places that are unpopular are more associated commonly with the local authority sector, while on the other hand poor condition is more witnessed when it comes the private sector. It is conspicuous that factors such as quality or availability of services locally and inaccessible location are only rightly not pointed out to be major factors resulting to low demand. Concerning local services this is apparently conflicting with the view of the Social Exclusion Unit which emphasized on the fact that man y of the neighborhoods considered poorest experience run-down services both public and private. Whereas local schools quality being poor is a usual factor pointed out as encouraging out-migration of the inner cities, it has not been taken by practitioners as specifically important as the reason of low demand and unpopularity of neighbourhood as observed by some people. Explanatory variables that have been put forward to explain the cause of low demand in housing in the private sector have been broadly categorized as demographic factors, employment factors, poverty/income, area (un)attractiveness and stock supply characteristic. The unattractiveness of the area is very crucial factor in the social sector. Crime problems and dissatisfaction have outstanding effect across the sectors. Fear of crime and anti-social behavior are the strong factors that are forcing people to abandon areas that are unpopular (Rhoden Balchin, 2002). A number of commentators have put forward explanations for the emergence of low-demand and for the unpopularity of neighbourhoods. The causal factors that have been put forward have been broadly categorized into three: first broader sub-regional and regional effects of demographic trends, especially migration, that are usually viewed as associated to employment changes and economic restructuring. Secondly, there is the factor that is brought by changes in behavior and preferences in the would-be consumers of the private housing and social housing. This has been occasioned by the declining popularity of private housing and instability and greater turnover in the tenant population. Finally the micro-social processes at the neighborhood level that lead to specific areas being stigmatized by reputations for crime, poverty and other factors resulting into processes of collective deterioration of conditions which may in the long run lead to total abandonment (Allen, 2008). tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-91785305724077722092020-05-21T10:10:00.001-07:002020-05-21T10:10:04.578-07:00Child Sexual Abuse Within Institutions - 757 Words Numerous problems are connected with the issue of child sexual abuse. It is both a public health problem and a childrenââ¬â¢s rights issue. Child sexual abuse refers to any act by a person using their authority or power over a child or young person to engage them in any form of sexual activity (DEECD and DHS, 2010). Victims of sexual abuse suffer serious psychological and physical consequences. This paper discusses the factors which facilitate or prevent the identification and reporting of child sexual abuse within institutions. The paper also analyses the framework for strengthening child protection practices in schools by increasing the capacity of the professionals for proactive work towards creating child safe organisations. DEECD and DHS, 2010 Physical evidence: Certain physical signs like ââ¬Ëinjury to the genital or rectal areasââ¬â¢, bleeding or discharge from vaginal or rectal areas and ââ¬Ëbruising and other injury to breasts, buttocks and thighsââ¬â¢ may be present because of sexual abuse. Some children may wear extra layers of clothing to hide their injuries and may refuse to remove excess clothing in hot weather. ââ¬ËPresence of foreign bodies in vagina and/or rectumââ¬â¢, inflammation in the genital area and sexually transmitted diseases are also strong indicators of sexual abuse. Pregnancy in very young adolescents forms a strong ground for suspicion of sexual abuse. Sexually explicit behaviour: A child showing age inappropriate sexual knowledge or engaging in ageShow MoreRelatedThe Children s Assessment Center973 Words à |à 4 Pages The Childrenââ¬â¢s Assessment Center based in Houston, Texas is an organization founded in 1991 to help with sexual abused children within Harris County. The Childrenââ¬â¢s Assessment Centers combines social workers, attorneys, law enforcement, and physicians to provide coordinated services. The center focuses on the prevention, assessment, and investigation of sexual abuse of a child. The goal of this organization is to provide resources that allow for sexually abused children and the families of theseRead MoreP3: Explain the factors that would lead to suspicion of child maltreatment or abuse.972 Words à |à 4 Pagesthe factors that would lead to suspicion of child maltreatment or abuse. The different types of maltreatment is sexual abuse, Sexual abuse refers to any action that pressures or forces someone to do something sexually they don t want to do. Sexual abuse can be when youââ¬â¢re being touched in a way that you may not like, or being forced to have sex, another type of sexual abuse is when somebody is forced to look at sexual pictures or videos. Sexual abuse can also include someone flashing or exposingRead MoreChild Protection Policy1362 Words à |à 6 PagesTHE CHILD PROTECTION POLICY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION STATISTICS ïââ" ïââ" ïââ" ïââ" ïââ" ïââ" ïââ" ïââ" ïââ" NCR CAR REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION I II III IV-A IV-B V VI - - 59 1 4 2 4 22 3 0 1 ïââ" ïââ" ïââ" ïââ" ïââ" ïââ" ïââ" REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII- 5 2 4 1 1 2 1 CHILD ABUSE AND RELATED COMPLAINTS REFERRED TO CENTRAL OFFICE AS OF AUGUST, 2010 TO PRESENT Physical, Verbal and Sexual Abuse and Violence inflicted by Teachers Read MoreChild Maltreatment : A Historical Perspective1574 Words à |à 7 PagesChild Maltreatment Historical Perspective From a historical perspective, child maltreatment has varied in form depending the time and place and the standing of which children hold within family and society. Child maltreatment as defined by the, includes physical, sexual, or emotional abuse, in addition to neglect (National Institution, 2011). Early childhood experiences create the basis for expression of intelligence, emotions, and personality (National Institution, 2011). When these experiencesRead MoreBecoming a Mandated Reporter1229 Words à |à 5 PagesUnit 6 Project: Child abuse and what it takes to be a mandated reporter Kaplan University CM 107-27 1. Introduction: A What is a Mandated Reporter B. Profession that are to report child abuse 2. What is child abuse ? A) What are the different types of child abuse? B) Physical Abuse, Sexual Abuse Maltreatment and child neglect 3) What are the steps in reporting child abuse A) Keeping it confidential B) State regulation on how to report C) How to deal with parents on notification Read MoreEach Day The Children Are At Risk Of Becoming Victims Of1634 Words à |à 7 PagesEach day the children are at risk of becoming victims of abuse and neglect by the hands of their guardians, caregivers, families and parents. The reality of child abuse and neglect is not a new phenomenon. Unfortunately, the rise of such injustice is becoming more prevalent. The magnitude of this problem is overwhelming to many professionals such as law enforcement, social workers, teachers and doctors. Throughout society child perpetrators have a long list of traceable history of problems, disputesRead MoreAssess the view that the family performs vital, positive functions for society and individual members.1398 Words à |à 6 PagesThe family was once described as a social group that shared common residence, consisted of at least two adults of each sex that maintained a socially approved sexual relationship and had one or more children, their own or adopted. This is a nuclear family, described by George Murdoch to be a universal family type. Although it is correct to say that nuclear families reside universally, family types now vary from single-parent families to gay headed families. Despite the variety, they contribute toRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1488 Words à |à 6 Pages ââ¬Æ' In addressing child abuse we are confronted with a series of problems. On the one hand, there is a lack of the true extent of the phenomenon because no data are available and that the issue, often refers to the most intimate spaces of family life. Furthermore, cultural and historical traditions affect the way each society faces this problem. Finally, there are varying opinions as to its definition and classification, as well as the consequences of child abuse may have and its subsequent therapeuticRead MoreThe Child Abuse Prevention And Treatment Act1136 Words à |à 5 Pagesdefine child neglect and abuse is both criminal and civil. The civil definitions that determine the grounds for intervention by State child protective agencies, at the Federal level, by the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) January 31, 1974.By the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America and Congress assembled this act may be cited as, ââ¬Å"the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act. Section 3 of the Law saidâ⬠For purposes of this Act the term child abuse andRead MoreEssay on Understanding Social Issues839 Words à |à 4 Pagesfour main parts that define the structures of society, which are institutions, social groups, statuses, and roles. If one was to examine the institution of the structure he or she will discover it broken down into five conventional institutions known as family, religion, politics, economics, and education. Most of the worlds social problems stems from brokenness throughout the institutions. Knowing that the make of these institutions are occupied by humanity, and humans are a product of the family tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-35997926671863147822020-05-06T23:10:00.001-07:002020-05-06T23:10:37.905-07:00American History and World War II Essay - 1393 Words On December 7, 1941, with Japanese attack on Perl Harbor, all debate over avoiding war and the policy of American isolationism was gone. It was the beginning of a great war that brought death, devastation and finally the victory and power to United States. At the time of Rooseveltââ¬â¢s appointment in 1933, historically crucial events were taking place in Japan, Italy and Germany which had to shape the future and the fate of United States. This paper studies and analyses the major factors which contributed to American success both at home and abroad during WWII in addition to worldââ¬â¢s view about American participation in war and bombings on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Despite his internationalist nature and the idea of League of Nations, Franklinâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In the beginning of war, Japanese victory in Pacific terrified West Cost Americans. Partial victory for Americans appeared when Japanese capital Tokyo was bombed. It was less of a material loss but huge in terms of psychological attack. It was followed by the Battle of Coral Sea in May 1942 and after that the decisive Battle of Midway Island took place. U.S. aircraft carriers destroyed three out of four Japanese carriers that sabotaged their further plans of invasion and they adopted a defensive strategy. Tension with Germans also became manifold after devastation of American merchant trade with Britain as U-boats destroyed more than 4,700 merchant ships and 200 warships. Stalin stressed the Allied invasion of France while Roosevelt urged troopââ¬â¢s deployment in North Africa. Allied leaders planned invasion of Italy in 1943 but downfall of Mussolini took eleven months and cost was heavy for American. Despite zero physical harm at home ground, war changed America completely. Millions of Americans worked overseas, women replaced men in factories and automobile factories became weapon producing units. Mobilization for war resulted in a thriving economy. Roosevelt involved businessmen into war by organizing their efforts to mobilize economy and enhance productive capacity. Surprisingly, by 1942, American production was equal to the combined production of Japan, Italy and Germany which ended depression.Show MoreRelatedAmerican History Retells World War II1232 Words à |à 5 PagesAmerican history retells World War II (WWII) stories about heroes, and their contribution to the success in ending the conflict between Japan and the United States (U.S.). The U.S. Militaryââ¬â¢s attempt to seize key islands in the South Pacific seem futile as Japanese Imperial Intelligence Teams (JIIT) monitored U.S. communications systems. Messages intercepted by the JITT compromised U.S. Military synchronization activities, putting their efforts and the lives of American Soldierââ¬â¢s at risk. The NavajoRead MoreThe World War II : A Major Aspect Of The American History2031 Words à |à 9 Pagesthe American history, wars has always been a major aspe ct of the American history. Wars have been fought for different reasons and goals resulting in several causalities as well as achievements. Some only occur for a short period of time while some go for several years. The Second World War was one of the most significant period of the 20th century. It brought about a major social change inform of technology, help in colonialism, the civil rights movement as well as other programs. The World WarRead MoreTo what extent did the French Resistance assist in the allies liberation of France?888 Words à |à 4 PagesThe French Resistance (La Rà ©sistance franà §aise) was a collaboration of individual movements against the German occupation of France and the Vichy regime that complied with the Nazis during World War II. Starting in 1940 and ending with the liberation of France, French people from all ends of the economic and political spectrum united in different Rà ©sistance groups to perform guerilla attacks, run underground newspapers, p rovide intelligence to and from the allies, and manage escape networks to alliedRead MoreEssay American Women of World War II1120 Words à |à 5 PagesBefore 1939, women were looked at as weak, incompetent and incapable of doing a manââ¬â¢s job. However, when World War II broke out, women were called to maintain the jobs that the men once occupied and t became evident that Americaââ¬â¢s best chance for success in World War II would have to include the efforts of American females. Women played a key role during World War II in the U.S. More than six million women took wartime jobs in factories, three million volunteered with the Red Cross, and over 200Read MoreThe War Of The World War II1408 Words à |à 6 Pagesthe Second World War in great detail. The European and Pacific Theaters were the main focus of many historians and their writing, because war pertained to the audience of the time. WWII revolved around the idea of freedom and liberating the fascist governments of Euro pe, the homefront back in the states was the war machine that kept the war churning. Millions of pages have been written about the experiences and battles during WWII, and still continue, not much in the way of the American homefrontRead MoreWomen in World War 2888 Words à |à 3 Pagesposter exclaimed. Most Americans know the iconic picture of Rosie the Riveter, depicted as a strong and independent young women working to help the war effort. It was 1941 and the United States finally entered World War II. Most propaganda of the United States encouraged the average women to join the workforce and help with the war effort. With men fighting abroad, it was only necessary for women to start working and leave their normal lives of being a mother and wife. 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We believe that Inglourious Basterds is a Jewish revenge fantasy that forces us to rethink our previous understandings by disrupting the viewers sense of content and nature in the history of World War II. Within this thesisRead MoreA Time For Change . William G. Pollard, A Physicists, Had1509 Words à |à 7 PagesA Time for Change William G. Pollard, a physicists, had once said,â⬠Without change there is no innovation, creativity, or incentive for improvementâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ (Pollard). Throughout history most of the great periods of change can be traced back to an event or discovery. In early man, man hunted for food with his hands until he acquired the technology necessary to make weapons. During this period, man hunted and gathered food as they walked through the vast earth. This was until the discovery of agricultureRead MoreEssay Pearl Harbor1097 Words à |à 5 PagesRoosevelt. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor Roosevelt asked congress to declare war on Japan. Pearl Harbor was a surprise to the United States, a great plan to the Japanese Empire, and a gateway to World War II. The attack on Pearl Harbor took a toll on countries all over the world. That day in 1941 has been and forever will be the most infamous act of the Japanese Empire. On December 7, 1941 the ultimate disaster in the history of the United States occurred. ââ¬Å"Pearl Harbor is a lagoon island on the island tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-60004341313255360052020-05-06T07:34:00.001-07:002020-05-06T07:34:59.635-07:00Violence Against Nurses Psychiatric Settings Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays string(45) " in the last twelvemonth \( Peek-Asa, et al\." The motive of this paper stemmed from a late intelligence in the media describing the increased incidents of force and aggression faced by nurses in Jordanian infirmaries. The media intelligence prompted the writer to reflect on current cognition and apprehension of these events in both in Jordan and around the universe to do recommendations for pull offing reduction, and bar of these events in the hereafter. Recommendations for future research in this country were addressed besides. We will write a custom essay sample on Violence Against Nurses Psychiatric Settings Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Recommendations for future research will enable nurses to intensify their apprehension of force and aggression in psychiatric scenes A ; which in bend will take to improved schemes, policy and pattern taking to increased safety for nurses and patients. This paper was intended to be a commentary paper on the phenomena of force in psychiatric scenes ; nevertheless, to notice on this phenomenon an extended literature reappraisal was conducted and will be presented besides. The paper design compared the ââ¬Å" force â⬠with the ââ¬Å" offense â⬠. The culprit of this offense is the psychiatric or mentally sick patient, while the victim is the psychiatric/mental wellness nurse. The scene where the offense occurred is the psychiatric scene. The Aim This paper aims to supply a general apprehension of the whole image of force against nurses in psychiatric scenes. In order to accomplish that, this paper addressed the undermentioned subjects: ( 1 ) Recent epidemiology of episodes of force in psychiatric words, ( 2 ) Specifying force and related constructs, types, and signifiers, ( 3 ) The culprit, ( 4 ) The victim, ( 5 ) Prevention of violent incidents, ( 6 ) Appraisal of force, ( 7 ) Management of violent episodes. Methods The undermentioned databases were searched: EBSCO host service databases ( Academic Search complete, Accumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature ( CINAHL Plus ) , MEDLINE, Psychology and Behaviours Sciences Collection ) . These databases were searched for English linguistic communication documents published between 1 January 2006 and 1 April 2011 utilizing the cardinal words ââ¬Å" violen* â⬠( force or violent ) and ââ¬Å" in-patient â⬠or ââ¬Å" psychiatric words â⬠or ââ¬Å" psychiatric scenes â⬠. Limiters were used in each database to include and except certain surveies. The hunt was limited to full text articles, available mentions articles, articles published between 1 January 2006 and 1 April 2011 in scholarly ( peer reviewed ) diaries. Particular clippers for Academic Search Complete were periodical publications, English linguistic communication articles, and articles with PDF full text. Particular clippers for CINAHL Plus were articles with available abstract, English linguistic communication articles, research articles merely, articles that considered worlds merely as research topics, articles with at least one nurse writer, surveies conducted in inmate scenes merely, and articles with PDF full text. Particular clippers for MEDLINE were: articles with abstract available, English linguistic communication articles, articles that considered worlds merely as research topics, articles published in nursing Diaries merely. Merely PDF full text articles were searched in psychol ogical science and Behavioural Sciences Collection. After finishing hunt, 197 surveies resulted. Most of them were included in this paper. However, some were non included because they did non react to the objects of this paper. Some of surveies in mentions lists of the attendant articles were besides reviewed and included for epidemiological intents even they are older than five old ages. Some of them were besides used for critically reexamining the updated surveies ( aaÃâ à °A?5 old ages ) . Definitions Violence in the workplace can take assorted signifiers runing from opprobrious linguistic communication, menaces, physical assaults, and even homicide ( Wassell, 2009 ) . There are many different definitions of force. This subdivision will specify and distinguish between force signifiers and signifiers. The universe Health Organization ( WHO ) define force as: ââ¬Å" The knowing usage of physical force or power, threatened or existent, against oneself another individual, or against a group or community, that either consequences in or has a high likeliness of ensuing in hurt, decease, psychological injury, maldevlopment, or want â⬠( WHO, 2005, p.5 ) . Work-related force is any activity or event occurred in the work environment affect the international usage of physical or emotional maltreatment against an employee, ensuing in negative physical and emotional effects ( Nachreiner, et al. , 2007 ) . A less restrictive definition was the definition of Baron and Neuman ; they define workplace force as direct onslaughts which occur in the workplace itself or within an organisation ( Baron A ; Neumann, 1998 ) . Physical assault is hitting, slapping, kicking, forcing, catching, sexually assaulted, or any type of physical contact aimed to injury or harm ( Nachreiner et al. ) . A menace occurred when person used words, gestures, or actions for freighting another one without trying injury or hurt ( Nachreiner et al. ) . Sexual torment occurred when 1 is a topic for any type of unwanted sexual behavior ( words or actions ) . ( Nachreiner et al. ) . Verbal maltreatment is naming another individual -must be associated with the name- with unfavorable words for the intent of aching A ; emotionally wounding. Jenkins ( 1996 ) believes that even menace of physical force is considered physical force ( Jenkins, 1996 ) . WHO determined three types of violent Acts of the Apostless: physical, sexual, and psychological ( WHO, 2005, p.6 ) . Violence and aggression are two interc onnected constructs extensively studied in nursing literature. Although, they are non the same, nursing literature widely used them interchangeably. In this paper, force and aggression will be used interchangeably. Epidemiology The hazard of being subjected to violence among wellness staff is 16 times higher than in other occupational groups in the service sector ( Kingma, 2001 ) . There is an intensifying dismaying tendency of all signifiers and types of force towards nurses in wellness attention scenes ( Whelan, 2008 ) . Nurses are at the highest rates of nonfatal workplace assault and violent victimization in all wellness attention scenes ( Lanza, Zeiaa, A ; Rierdan, 2006 ) . There is a considerable difference in the prevalence and incidence of episodes of force in mental wellness scenes, depending on the states in which the surveies were carried out. A study of 4.826 nurses conducted by the American Nurses Association, 17 % reported that they have been physically assaulted, and 57 % reported that they had been abused in the last twelvemonth ( Peek-Asa, et al. You read "Violence Against Nurses Psychiatric Settings Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples" , 2009 ) . Besides, merely 20 % reported that they felt safe in their current work environments. Psychiatric nurses are the highest topics of violent victimization rates of all types of nurses ( Islam, Edla, Mujuru, Doyle, A ; Ducatman, 2003 ) . In an analysis of the consequences of the Assaulted Staff Action Programme ( ASAP ) that persists for 15 old ages ; 1.123 mental wellness nurses ( 69.58 % ) were victims of force by patients. They were the topics of physical ( 85.32 % ) , sexual ( 1.18 % ) , gestural bullying ( 1.67 % ) , and ( 6.01 % ) assaults. 46.34 % of injures were soft tissue contusions, 10.16 % were caput and dorsum hurts, 5.76 % were bone/tendon/ligament injures, 12.39 % were unfastened lesions, abrasions, or ptyalizing incidents, 1.8 % were abdominal lesions, and 18.65 % were psychological fear. 36.69 % were mild injures, 31.52 % were moderate, and 14.13 % serious and intense ( Flannery, Farley, Rego, A ; Walker, 2007 ) . A study in psychiatric establishments in Switzerland reported that 70 % p er centum of nurses reported being physically attacked at least one time in their calling ( Needham, et al. , 2004 ) . A multiregional survey of nursing staff members from acute psychiatric scenes showed that 76 % of the participants reported that they were assaulted at least one time ( Peek-Asa, et al. , 2009 ) . In a survey in Iran, verbal maltreatment was experienced by 87.4 % of nurses during a 6-month period, and physical force by 27.6 % during the same period of clip ( Shogi, Sanjari, Shirazi, Heidari, Salemi, A ; Mirzabeigi, 2008 ) . The most frequent and most terrible signifiers of verbal maltreatment reported were judging and knocking, impeaching and blaming, and opprobrious choler ( Kisa, 2008 ) . In one Arabic survey, a national cross sectional study was conducted in Kuwait to document the prevalence and determiners of force against nurses in health care installations. 48 % of nurses experient verbal force ; and 7 % merely experienced physical injury over the old six months ( Adib, Al-Shatti, Kamal, El-Gerges, A ; Al-Raqem, 2002 ) . Another Arabic survey in Bahrain, Hamadeh and co-workers found the mean assault rate on nurses is 4.4 % . ( Hamadeh, Al Alaiwat, Al Ansari, 2003 ) . No similar surveies were conducted in Jordan. However, this high consequences may be an emergent index of the intensifying tendency in Jordan and other Arabic states because of their similar Arabic civilization to Kuwait and Bahrain. Epidemiologic surveies were recommended to carry on to find the incidence and prevalence of this phenomenon in Jordanian wellness attention scenes and particularly in mental 1s. Despite the high prevalence of force Acts of the Apostless toward nurses, merely 20 % of violent incidents are reported by nurses. This is due to staff being accustomed to force ; peer force per unit area non to describe ; differential coverage based on gender of the victim, fright of incrimination ; inordinate paper work ; and incomplete or invalid information on studies completed by individuals non witness to the event ( Crilly, Chaboyer, A ; Creedy, 2004 ) . This job should besides be addressed in future surveies to look into its causes and to work out it. The Victim Nurses are normally the topics of force victimization. However, Other mental wellness attention professionals such as doctors and physical therapists are besides at a considerable of violent Acts of the Apostless ( Stubbs A ; Dickens, 2009 ) . This paper addressed nurses merely as topics of victimization from psychiatric and mentally sick patients. Psychiatric patients assaults on nurses victims are a world-wide occupational job. There is singular consistence in victim features over clip ( Flannery, Juliano, Cronin, A ; Walker, 2006 ) . Work force nurses were exposed to more maltreatment than adult females ( Shagi, et al. , 2008 ) . However, there is an inconsistent determination in the literature placing whether males or females are more violence-prone ( Camerino, Estryn-Behar, Conway, Der Heijden, A ; Hasselhorn, 2008 ) . The hazard of sing maltreatment was higher in nurses with more occupation experience or who worked more hours ( Shagi et al. ) . On the other manus, a longitudinal cohort survey showed that younger nurses with less occupation experiences are at increased hazard force ( Camerino et al. , 2008 ) . However, exposure to force was non significantly associated with age, gender, continuance of employment in nurses working in kid and adolescent psychiatric units ( Dean, Gibbon, McDermott, Davidson, A ; Scott, 201 0 ) . Having a lower occupation rubric ( air or practical nurse ) , being in closer contact with patients, holding particular personality traits, utilizing drug or intoxicant, describing utmost weariness, may take to higher hazards for aggression and torment at the workplace ( Cooper A ; Swanson, 2002 ) . Nachreiner et Al, agree with Copper A ; Swanson on that LPNs an increased hazard for both physical assault and non-physical force compared to RNs ( Nachreiner et al, 2007 ) . Violent incidents are frequently related to the low consciousness of nurses about the equal curative communicating accomplishments in covering with patients ( Cooper A ; Swanson, 2002 ) . Perceptions A ; attitudes of nurses on patients ââ¬Ë violent incidents in psychiatric scenes are extensively studied in the literature. Psychiatric nurses attitudes are different across states ( Jansen, Middel, Dassen, A ; Reijneveld, 2006 ) . Harmonizing to some nurses force is perceived as dysfunctional/undesirable. Whereas in others, force is perceived as a functional comprehensible phenomenon ( Abderhalden et al. , 2002 ) . 97 % of participants believed that covering with aggressive behavior was a portion of work in mental wellness inmate unit ( Dean, Gibbon, McDermott, Davidson, A ; Scott, 2010 ) . In the same survey, 69.7 % of participants believed that the current degree of physical aggression in the ward was unacceptable, whereas merely 12 % study that it was acceptable, and the others reported feelings of uncertainness ( Dean et al, 2010 ) . They rationalize that by recognize that staff with more positive attitudes exhibited lower province anxiousness. There are negati ve attitudes of nursing pupils ââ¬Ë to violent incidents, and these attitudes are deteriorated over clip ( Bowers, Alexander, Simpson, Ryan, A ; Carr-Walker, 2007 ) . The perceptual experience of aggression graduated table ( POAS ) is a freshly developed attitude stock list measuring nurses ââ¬Ë attitude toward aggressive patients ( Palmstierna A ; Barredal, 2006 ) . Consequences of violent incidents on nurses were besides extensively investigated in the literature. Responses to violence encompassed three major classs associating to physical emotional and professional impact ( Dean, et al. , 2010 ) . They found that physical hurts divided to: direct hurts from the violent incidents, hurts while implementing restrictive intercessions, and physical symptoms such as concern and musculus tenseness ( Dean, et al. ) . Major physical hurts were on the caput, the bole, the upper and lower appendages ( Langsrud, Linakker, A ; Morken, 2007 ) . Ongoing mental weariness, emphasis, daze, weakness, choler, exposure, feelings of being emotionally drained, dying, impaired slumber and concentration were all emotional responses of nurses as a consequence of being violent ( Dean, et al. ) . Nurses besides respond with the undermentioned emotions and behaviors: defeat, desperation, hopelessness, substance maltreatment, absenteeism, revenge and the development of â â¬Å" I do non care â⬠attitude ( Bimenyimana, Poggenpoel, Myburgh, A ; Niekerk, 2009 ) . The consequences of verbal maltreatment or force by patients, frequently result in a terrible psychological impact in nurses ( Inoue, Tsukano, Muraoka, Kaneko, and Okamara, 2006 ) . The most common emotional reaction to force was anger, followed by shame, humiliation and defeat ( Kisa, 2008 ) . The Perpetrator Violence is common among persons come ining mental A ; substance maltreatment words. Episodes of force on psychiatric wards have been extensively studied, with one of the chief purposes being to place who is more likely to be violent during hospitalization. However, it is hard to find that, because force is a complex behavior links with a assortment of biological, psychopathic, and societal factors. 15-years survey concludes that older male patients with schizophrenic disorder and younger personality-disordered patients are bad attackers ( Flannery, Juliano, Cronin A ; Walker, 2006 ) . Antisocial personality upset poses a great hazard for force among adult females than work forces ( Yang A ; Coid, 2007 ) . Anxiety upsets and any personality upset are more terrible among violent adult females ; alcohol dependance and risky imbibing are more terrible among violent work forces ( Yang A ; Coid ) . In a recent literature, Cornaggia and co-workers found that the psychiatric diagnosing most often associated with aggressive behavior is paranoid schizophrenic disorder. As patients with paranoid schizophrenic disorder retain sufficient ability to program and commit Acts of the Apostless of force related to their psychotic beliefs ( Cornaggia, Beghi, Pavone, A ; Barale, 2011 ) . Higher degrees of hostility-suspiciousness predict the deterioration of the form of force ( Amore et al. , 2 008 ) . Persecutory psychotic beliefs appear to increase hazard of force in some patients ; accompaniment of persecutory psychotic beliefs and emotional hurt may increase the hazard of force ( Bjorkly, 2006 ) . Lower societal category of beginning, piquing behavior in the parental coevals loss of the male parent, a new partnership of the staying parent, turning up in blended households promoted the development of piquing behavior in general ( Stompe, et al. , 2006 ) . Past history of force toward others, A ; substance maltreatment upsets are risk factors for future force ( Flannery, Julliano, Cronin, A ; Walker ) . Past history remains the most consistent and stable forecaster of future force ( Amore et al. , 2008 ) . Dual diagnosed patients with substance maltreatment upsets and bipolar sample have more violent Acts of the Apostless ( Grunebaum, et al. , 2006 ) . Black and minority ethnic are more frequently perceived as potentially violent to others ( Vinkers, Vries, Van Baars, A ; Mulder, 2009 ) . Internalizing symptoms and affectional responsiveness contributed to aggression badness more than impulsivity and demographics ( Kolko, Baumann, Bukstein, A ; Brown, 2007 ) . Even the month of birth of patients is considered a hazard factor of violent behavior ( Cailhol, et al. , 2009 ) . Repeatedly violent patients had a higher length of residence, a higher figure of old violent behaviors ( Grassi, et al. , 2006 ) . A past history of head hurt with loss of consciousness was more frequent among persistently physically aggressive patients ( Amore, et al. , 2007 ) . Appraisal Many surveies besides discussed high hazard kids in the literature. Aggression appears associated with a broad assortment of normally psychiatric upsets in kids ( Connor A ; McLaughlin, 2006 ) . Children of bipolar parents are at high hazard of ill will, aggression, force ( Farchione, et al. , 2007 ) . Adolescent behavior upset patients are more likelihood to be violent ( Ilomak, Viilo, Hakko, Marttunen, Makkikyro, A ; Rasanen, 2006 ) . Children with larning disablements who had a comorbid psychopathology diagnoses reported a significantly higher sum of equal victimization than kids without a cormobid psychiatric disease ( Baumeister, Sterch, A ; Geffken, 2007 ) . Many other consequences showed consequences opposed to what cognize. Foley and co-workers found that force at presentation with first-episode psychosis is non associated with continuance of untreated psychosis ( Foley, Browne, Clarke, Kinsella, Larkin, A ; O`Callagham, 2007 ) . No significant grounds support the relation between penetration and force hazard ( Bjorkly, 2006 ) . The Scene The scene of force victimization against the psychiatric nurses by psychiatric and mentally sick patients is the psychiatric scenes. The construction of the scene can arouse the manifestation of force ( Steffgen, 2008 ) . Besides, environmental design have been demonstrated to discourage force ( Wassell, 2009 ) . Inadequate staffing degrees and deficiency of chances for clients to take part in therapy may arouse force behavior ( Sturrock, 2010 ) . The function of uncertainness refering occupation stableness represent a insouciant factor Besides, deficiency of occupation security may do violent behaviour The absence of societal support and colleagues increases the hazard of nurses in this scene to physical and verbal force ( Steffgen ) . The happening of workplace force may do harm to both the person and the establishments. Organizations may confront increased absenteeism, ill leave, belongings harm, decreased public presentation and productiveness, security costs, judicial proceeding , worker ââ¬Ës compensation, and increasing turnover rates ( Jackson, Clare, A ; Mannix, 2002 ) . Prevention Previous nursing literature suggested a figure of schemes that can be considered by nurses to forestall force. There is limited research on effectual intercessions to forestall patient force ( Kling, Yassi, Smailes, Lovato, A ; Koehoorn, 2010 ) . However, neglecting to accept and implement preventative steps in psychiatric scenes has an impact to cut down force in these scenes ( Wassell, 2009 ) . Improved coverage may be of large benefit of cut downing physical force ( Nolan A ; Citrome, 2007 ) . This may be occur by early acknowledgment and intercession of potentially happening violent incidents in the hereafter. After carry oning the Violence Prevention Community Meeting ( VPCM ) , a important lessening in patients force were found across twenty-four hours, eventide and dark displacement for pre-treatment vs. intervention and pre-treatment vs. station intervention comparings. VPCM is a semi-structured protocol for the intent of force bar ( Lanza, Rierdan, Forester, A ; Zeiss, 2009 ) . Early acknowledgment has strong practical deductions for psychiatric nurses by assisting them to help patients with the sensing of early warning marks. Early acknowledgment is pay particular attending to the early societal and interpersonal factors that may deteriorate the patient behavior to violent one ( Fluttert, Meijel, Webster, Nijman, Bartels, A ; Grypdonck, 2008 ) . Steffgen identified many preventive steps of workplace force such as: steps refering the physical environment, measures refering the direction of the organisations and the behavior of the members in the organisations, policies, reding and developing steps ( Steffgen, 2008 ) . A 6-module plan have been shown to be effectual in cut downing and forestalling violent incidents in a 6-months rating period. The 6 faculties were approximately force hazard appraisal, theoretical theoretical accounts of force, self-asserting preparation, ethical A ; legal issues of force direction ( Anderson, 2006 ) . Dubin et al identified six gilded recommendations to forestall force incidents in psychiatric exigencies. First, all freshly admitted patients should be assessed for hazard of force ; those who have risk factors should be continually assessed. Second, nurses should avoid measuring and/or handling patients at hazard for force alone or in an stray office. Third, nurses must retrieve that patient ââ¬Ës force is a response to feelings of weakness, passiveness, and perceived or existent humiliation ; therefore nurses should avoid going verbally or physically towards them. Fourth, nurses are supposed to utilize non-coercive methods such as de-escalation to forestall escalation of patients ââ¬Ë aggression. Fifth, bound scene should ever offer the patient two options with one option being the preferable option. Sixth, an armed patient should non be threatened and the clinician should react in a non-threatening mode offering aid and apprehension. Finally, rating of environment safety sh ould happen sporadically and alterations should be implemented that will heighten safety ( Dubin, Julius, Novitsky, A ; William, 2009 ) . Appraisal The first measure in mental nursing procedure and one of the most of import responsibilities in psychiatric scenes is assessment. Psychiatric nurses are faced with a great figure of state of affairss in which hazard appraisal are needed. Risk appraisal is a procedure concerned with a assortment of issues aaââ¬Å¡Ã ¬ â⬠hazard for what, when, where, and to whom-not merely the were ââ¬Å" Prediction â⬠of future force ( Haggard-Grann, 2007 ) . Predicting force has been compared to calculating the conditions. Like a good conditions predictor, the nurse does non province with certainty that an event will happen. Alternatively, he/she estimates the likeliness that a future event will happen. Like conditions prediction, anticipations of future force will non ever be right ( Scott A ; Resnick, 2006 ) . Three major types of force hazard appraisal are extensively reviewed in the literature. The three types are: ( 1 ) Clinical force hazard appraisal, ( 2 ) Structural hazard appra isal tools, ( 3 ) Functional appraisal. The figure of hazard appraisal instruments has increased in the recent old ages ( Haggard-Grann ) . Risk appraisal tools should include situational facets, behavioral forms, and predicted events or stressors ( Haggard-Grann ) . The first measure when finding which instrument to utilize for a specific hazard appraisal is to find the intent and context for which the instrument is needed ( Haggard-Grann ) . Decision should be made sing whether the appraisal is for the first clip ( to divide the extremely hazard patients from others ) or for uninterrupted on-going appraisal ( Haggard-Grann ) . If adopted in clinical pattern with a professional manner, these instruments will so help in the appraisal and early acknowledgment of violent incidents. However, they are ineluctable portion in the clinical pattern in psychiatric scenes. ( Haggard-Grann ) . Awareness of the bounds and abilities of such instruments is required. Lurigio and Harris underscored the importance of executing more accurat e appraisal tools that can for illustration determine the approaching type of force, or the likeliness of arms use ( Lurigio A ; Harris, 2009 ) . A hazard appraisal tool chiefly contains two types of factors: inactive and dynamic. Dynamic factors are of a great importance in a determination context whereas inactive factors are at less importance. Dynamic factors should be assessed on a regular basis in a structured clip agenda ( ex. every 1 hour ) . ( Haggard-Grann ) . Inactive variables are based on intrapersonal factors ( ex. , personal A ; biological features ) that served as hazards factors for a patient to be potentially violent in the hereafter. ( Haggad-Grann ) . Many violent hazard appraisal tools were developed for the purpose to measure the violent incidents in psychiatric scenes. Sexual Aggression graduated table is an effectual appraisal tool to enter consistently the happening of sexually aggressive behaviors for patients who reside in psychiatric infirmaries. ( Jones, Sheitman, Hazelrigg, Camel, Williams, A ; Paesler, 2007 ) . It is a brief scale consists of 4 bombers graduated tables with a brief description of them. The Alert System is a system includes a hazard appraisal signifier used by nursing staff to buttocks patients upon admittance to the psychiatric scene in order to place these at an increased hazard of force ( Kling, et Al. , 2010 ) . If identified as at hazard for force, a flag is placed on the patient ââ¬Ës chart and wristband to incorporate staff of a patient ââ¬Ës potency for force ( Kling et Al ) . The warning is intended to let workers to take safeguards to forestall violent incidents in flagged patients. These safeguards may include: have oning a personal dismay, being near a security personals, non holding crisp objects in the patient ââ¬Ës room, and non come ining the patient ââ¬Ës room entirely ( Kling et Al ) . Study consequences indicate that the Alert System is effectual in placing potentially violent patients. However, the ultimate end of implementing the Alert System is to cut down the hazard of violent incidents ( Kling et Al ) . Hazard for in-patient force in acute psychiatric intensive unit can be a high grade be predicted by nurses utilizing the Broset force checklist ( Bjorkdahl, Olsson, A ; Palmstierna, 2006 ) . The BVC is a method to foretell hazard for force from patients within the coming 24 hour in acute psychiatric inmate scenes ( Bjorkdahl, Olsson, A ; Palmstierna ) . BVC is used to measure the patient three times day-to-day: in the forenoon, midday, and dark displacements ( Bjorkdahl, Olsson, A ; Palmstierna ) . The BVC buttocks absence or presence of six behaviors: confusion, boisterousness, crossness, verbally, endangering, physically endangering and assailing object ( Bjorkdahl, Olsson, A ; Palmstierna ) . The HCR-20 is a structured professional checklist designed for the appraisal of hazard hereafter force in patients with violent history / or a major mental upset or personality upsets. ( De Vogel A ; De Ruter, 2006 ) . The HCR-20 consists of 20 points, divided into three subscales: historical graduated table, clinical graduated table, and hazard direction graduated table. The prognostic cogency of the HCR-20 was good ( De Vogel A ; De Ruiter ) . The Forensic Early Warning Signs of Aggression Inventory ( FESA ) was developed to help nurses and patients in placing and supervising early warning marks of aggression in forensic patients ( Fluttert, Meijel, Leeuwen, Bjorkly, Nijman, A ; Grypdonck, 2011 ) . The Maudsley Violence Questionnaire contains 56-items step a figure of knowledge ( including: beliefs, regulations, deformations and ascriptions ) that are related to force ( Warnock-Parkes, Gudjonsson, A ; Walker, 2007 ) . The Psychopathy Checklist ( PCL ) is a clinical evaluation graduated table designed to mensurate psychopathologic properties in mentally sick patients, Patients who score higher have higher rates of violent recidivism ( Scott A ; Resnick, 2006 ) . The PCL uses a semi-structured interview, case-history information, and specific standards to rate each of 20 points on a three- point graduated table ( 0, 1, 2 ) . ( Scott A ; Resnick ) . Entire tonss ( runing from 0 to 40 ) reflect an estimation of the grade to which the patient lucifers psychopathy ( Scott A ; Resnick ) . The Violence Risk Appraisal Guide ( VRAG ) is a hazard appraisal instrument of 12 points. It is likely the most well-known assessment instrument aimed to measure dangerousness in bad mentally sick patients. It is used to measure the force hazard in psychiatric and other wellness scenes ( Scott A ; Resnick, 2006 ) . It is constructed by taking variables known to foretell violent behavior among work forces with mental upsets who have records of old violent behavior so sum uping the variables into one strategy ( Haggard-Grann, 2007 ) . Synergistic Classification Tree is a recent tool for measuring the force hazard of patients discharged from psychiatric installations ( Scott A ; Resnick, 2006 ) . This tool utilizes a sequence of inquiries related to hazard factors for possible force ( Scott A ; Resnick ) . Harmonizing to the replies, another related inquiry is posed, until the platinum is classified into a class of high or low hazard of future force ( Scott A ; Resnick ) . Structured hazard appraisal tools have built-in restriction when used entirely. Criticisms of instruments include the undermentioned: they provide lone estimates of hazards ; their usage is non generalizable beyond the studied populations: they are stiff, and they fail to inform force bar A ; hazard direction ( Scott A ; Resnick, 2006 ) . Functional appraisal attacks seek to clear up the factors responsible for the development, look and care of job behavior. This is achieved through appraisal of the behavior of involvement, the person ââ¬Ës predisposing features, and the antecedent events, considered of import for the induction of the behavior, and the effects of the behavior, which maintain and direct its developmental class ( Daffern, Howells, A ; Ogloff, 2007 ) . They identify 9 common maps of violent behavior in psychiatric scenes in the literature: demand turning away, to coerce conformity, to show choler, to cut down tenseness, to obtain tangibles, societal distance decrease ( attending seeking ) , to heighten position or societal blessing, conformity with direction, to detect agony ( Daffern, Howells, A ; Ogloff ) . Functional appraisal have many deductions for the anticipation and bar of inpatient force and for the intervention of violent patients. The differentiation of functional appraisal attacks and s tructured appraisal tools is that the first stress the right categorization of the signifier of a peculiar behavior and the other one emphasize the intent of the behavior ( Daffern, Howells, A ; Ogloff ) . The clinical hazard appraisal method is the oldest method of force hazard appraisal. It is the classical method of anticipating, foretelling, and assessing of hazard. This means that the nurse gathers the information that he or she believes to be utile and on the footing of that information makes a judgement of the hazard ( Haggad-Grann, 2007 ) . Unfortunately, this method can non foretell future force with high truth. The truth of a clinician ââ¬Ës appraisal of future force is related to many factors, including the fortunes of the rating and the length of clip over which force is predicted ( Scott A ; Resnick, 2006 ) . It is the most common method of measuring force hazard in psychiatric scenes in Jordan although it is non used so much over the universe. Management Many direction methods of force were reported in the literature. Three major direction methods were extensively reviewed in the literature: ( 1 ) Training programmes, ( 2 ) Coercive methods, and ( 3 ) De-escalation techniques. Nurses believed that preparation in breaking away techniques, increasing the figure of trained security officers on responsibility, publishing personal dismaies, and encouraging staff to officially describe all incidents, are the best ways to pull off force in psychiatric scenes ( Erkol, Gokdogan, Erkol, A ; Boz, 2007 ) . Previous researches suggest that staff attitudes to patient force affect usage, or pick of method ( Bowers, Alexander, Simpson, Ryan, A ; Carr-Walker, 2007 ) . It is of import that nurses have the cognition and accomplishments to be able to pull off force suitably. Many different developing programmes have been discussed in the literature. There is much variableness among surveies on the types and effectivity of preparation, and there is no unequivocal grounds that developing cut down hurt among wellness attention workers ( Wassell, 2009 ) . Good communicating among nursing staff, and between staff and clients, is critical to better the direction of aggressive behavior ( Sturrock, 2010 ) . Chandler- Oatts and Nestrop recommend listening to the voices of mental wellness service users to develop guideline recommendations on pull offing violent behaviors ( Chandler-Oatts A ; Nestrop, 2008 ) . Anger direction programmes were effectual to advance anger look and direction in psychiatric patients ( Son A ; Choi, 2010 ) . Aggression Control Therapy ( ACT ) , a intervention programme developed in the Netherlands for violent psychiatric patients with behavior upsets or antisocial personality upset. Consequences suggested that ACT diminished aggressive behavior ( Hornsveld, Nijman, A ; Kraaimaat, 2008 ) . Firearm hurt bar preparation should be proposed in order to assist bar piece self-destructions and homicides among the mentally sick ( Khubchandani, Wiblishauser, Price, A ; Thompson, 2010 ) . Training in the acknowledgment and direction of violent and aggressive behavior would be a good add-on to the course of study of nursing programmes ( Nau, Dassen, Needham, A ; Halfens, 2009 ) . Aggression direction preparation is able to better nursing pupil ââ¬Ës public presentation in de-escalating aggressive behavior ( Nau, Dassen, Needham, A ; Halfens ) . Giving nursing pupil ââ¬Ës cognition about force and related subjects and developing them on physical and verbal accomplishments lead to extremely important enhanced assurance in pull offing force ( Nau, Dassen, Halfens, A ; Needham, 2007 ) . De-escalation is a bar of extremely aroused patients from going violent by agencies of verbal and gestural communicating ( Paterson, Turnbull, A ; Aitken, 1992 ) . Nurses need to cognize how to de-escalate the state of affairss of force. The De-escalating Aggressive Behaviour Scale ( DABS ) can observe alterations in de-escalation public presentation degrees ( Nau, Dassen, Needham, A ; Halfens, 2009 ) . De-escalation involves a figure of different techniques. Affect direction for illustration involves three basic stairss: foremost, admiting the patient ââ¬Ës affect ; secondly, formalizing the affect when appropriate ; and eventually, promoting the patient to speak about his or her feelings. ( Dubin, Julius, Novitsky, A ; William, 2009 ) . Active listening techniques such as paraphrasing are used in de-escalation to assist clinician convey apprehension of patient ââ¬Ës experience ( Dubin, Julius, Novitsky, A ; William ) . Massage therapy has immediate good effects on anxious ness related steps and may be a utile de-escalating tool for cut downing emphasis, anxiousness and possible force in acutely hospitalized psychiatric patients ( Garner, et al. , 2008 ) . Comfort suites are suites constructed in acute psychiatric units. They designed with comfy furniture, comforting colorss, soft lightening, and quiet music to assist cut down patient`s degrees of emphasis ( Cummings, Grandfield, A ; Coldwell, 2010 ) . Coercive methods include mainly privacy and restraints. Restraints are any manual method, physical or mechanical device, stuff, or equipment that immobilizes or reduces the ability of a patient to travel his or her weaponries, legs, organic structure, or caput freely ; or a drug or medicine ( Paterson, Turnbull, A ; Aitken, 1992 ) . There was greater blessing of coercive methods in direction of force by male nurses than female nurses. Male nurses are more likely to see containment methods acceptable and dignified ( Muir-Cochrane, Bowers, A ; Jeffery, 2008 ) . Greater consideration should be given to cultural and gender issues in restraint incidents ( Sturrock, 2010 ) . Training in restraint techniques and how to avoid the usage of restraint is indispensable in nursing pattern ( Sturrock, 2010 ) . However, Bjorkdahl and co-workers found an increased rate of coercive intercessions without a corresponding addition in staff hurts after a 2 twelvemonth force bar intercession a psychiatric intensive attention unit. The intercession aimed to better nursing attention by turn toing patient force from multiple positions ( Bjorkdahl, Heilig, Palmstierna, A ; Hansebo, 2007 ) . Privacy is defined as physical parturiency of a patient entirely in a room for the protection of others from serious injury ( Davison, 2005 ) . Privacy is used as a regular footing in response to a scope of different signifiers of violent behavior of different signifiers ( Thomas, Daffern, Martin, Ogloff, Thomson, A ; Ferguson, 2009 ) . Privacy is considered a curative step for nurses working in psychiatric scenes ( Larue, Dumais, Ahern, Bernheim, A ; Mailhot, 2009 ) . However, Davison asserts that privacy must neââ¬â¢er used as a portion of a intervention program of violent patients, and it must utilize merely as a last resort ( Davison ) . If de-escalation techniques are failed, the violent patient may necessitate to be placed in privacy ( Dickinson, Ramsdale, A ; Speight, 2009 ) . Many jobs may ensue from utilizing coercive methods such as act uponing patients` determination to seek out professional mental wellness services. ( Prospero A ; Kim, 2009 ) . Besides, they suggest that coercion has a differential negative consequence on victims from minority groups. ( Prospero A ; Kim ) . Furthermore, memories of violent events, including childhood maltreatment and colza, were reawakened by their experiences of restraints and privacy ( Sturrock, 2010 ) . Recommendations The followerss are recommendations for pattern, research, and policy have been established from the literature: Psychiatric and mental wellness nurses must be cognizant of the being of violent behaviors against them in their clinical scenes. They have to cognize that this behavior is ineluctable portion in their work. So, they have to be well-prepared to cover with such state of affairss. Psychiatric and mental wellness nurses must be cognizant of the differences of many types and signifiers of violent Acts of the Apostless. Besides, future nursing surveies should distinguish between these types and signifiers. Nurses must be cognizant of the intensifying tendency of violent behaviors in their clinical scenes. Surveies and epidemiological surveies should carry on on Jordan to find the prevalence of this job in Jordanian wellness attention scenes. High hazardous nurses of patients ââ¬Ë force should place themselves harmonizing to the literature. If they are known to be hazardous, particular considerations should be taken by them and their establishments where they are work to guarantee the optimum safety of them. Negative, false perceptual experiences and attitudes of nurses to violent patients and violent incidents should be addressed with more inside informations in the nursing literature. The job of countertransference should be addressed by developing programmes or awareness Sessionss conducted by the establishments in the attempt to extinguish these negative feelings and attitudes or at least cut down it. Lending factors of nurses ââ¬Ë perceptual experiences and attitudes should besides be considered by farther surveies. Negative effects of violent incidents on nurses should besides be addressed and studied more in nursing literature. Although, it is extensively investigated in the literature, the literature did non suggest assuring methods to cut down theses negative effects. Undergraduate and alumnus nursing pupils ââ¬Ë exposure to force in their clinical preparation should be discussed in more inside informations in future nursing literature. Their perceptual experiences, attitudes, feelings, and emotions towards violent experiences should be investigated more. Health establishment should develop policies, addition available nursing staff, addition security forces to guarantee the optimal safety for nursing pupil trainee. Psychiatric and mental wellness nurses should place and acknowledge the high hazardous culprits ( patients ) harmonizing to the literature. For that cause, they should be updated with the latest findings in this field. Nurses should non besides neglect the interpersonal and environmental factors for triping the violent incidents. Violent kids and repeatedly violent patients are two particular populations should be paid more attending from the nursing literature. Nursing literature should turn to specific intercessions force in these two particular populations. Underreporting of force in psychiatric scenes is a major job. Nurses should be encouraged to describe incidents of force. High hazardous establishments and scenes have to be cognizant of the intensifying tendency of violent Acts of the Apostless. They have to be well-prepared for this. They should follow policies, developing programmes for their staff, and other suited step to confront this challenging job. An ounce of bar is worth a lb of attention. This adage besides applicable in the force. So, establishments should follow a successful bar steps to forestall this malignancy to travel frontward. Nurses should follow an attack incorporating the three major types of appraisal in their appraisal procedure. Clinical hazard appraisal, structured hazard appraisal tools, and fictional appraisal. Such an attack, may cover shortages in any individual method of appraisal. Structured hazard appraisal tools should be carefully and sagely. Nurses should be cognizant the bounds and abilities of such instruments to take the best on the footing of context. Psychiatric wellness attention establishments should develop its nursing staff on de-escalation techniques, breakaway techniques, and coercive methods. Psychiatric and mental wellness nurses should utilize the least restricts method when covering with violent patients. Further surveies should be conducted to suggest more successful de-escalation techniques and to happen new options of coercive methods. Decision The lifting rate of force against nurses in wellness attention scenes in Jordan motives the writer to compose this commentary paper. The purpose of this paper is to supply a general apprehension of the whole image of force against nurses in psychiatric scenes. First, methods of seeking the literature were described. Then, Definitions of many types and signifiers of force were provided. Besides, related constructs were described and differentiated from the construct ââ¬Å" force â⬠. However, ââ¬Å" force â⬠and ââ¬Å" aggression â⬠are two footings used interchangeably in this paper. Recent epidemiology surveies were reviewed to reflect on the high incidence and prevalence of force in psychiatric scenes over the universe. The paper design compared the ââ¬Å" force â⬠with the ââ¬Å" offense â⬠. The culprit of this offense is the psychiatric or mentally sick patient, while the victim is the psychiatric/mental wellness nurse. The scene where the offense occurred is the psychiatric scene. This paper identified who is more likely to be the victim of violent Acts of the Apostless in psychiatric scenes, perceptual experiences and attitudes of nurses on patients ââ¬Ë violent incidents, and effects of such incidents on the nurses. This paper besides identified who is more likely to be the culprit of violent Acts of the Apostless harmonizing to the literature. Repeatedly violent patients and high hazard kids were besides included. The high hazard psychiatric scenes were described as the sludge of violent incidents. Prevention of violent incidents by many new methods was besides addressed. Appraisal of violent incidents is besides addressed in its three major types: the clinical hazard appraisal, the structured hazard appraisal tools, and the functional appraisal. Most well-known structured hazard appraisal tools were besides overviewed. Finally, direction of force incidents one time occurred is besides reviewed. Three major direction methods were included: ( 1 ) Training plans, ( 2 ) Coercive methods: privacy and restraints, and ( 3 ) De-escalation techniques. How to cite Violence Against Nurses Psychiatric Settings Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-52116349771299542142020-04-24T02:51:00.001-07:002020-04-24T02:51:03.975-07:00Perception towards the Fast Moving Consumer Goods in Rural Market free essay sample Keeping in view the frame of references the present paper is an attempt to study the factors affecting the purchase decision of consumers towards purchase of the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCGs) and to recommend the policies which may be adopted by the advertisers to enhance awareness among the rural buyers. The study used primary data collected from a sample of 1000 rural consumers from the 40 villages of 04 districts of Haryana state with the help of a well-structured questionnaire by following ââ¬Å¾Foot-in-Door Strategy? (FIDS). And found that rural buyers perceived that TV commercials followed by print advertisements and word of mouth plays a significant role for taking the decision to purchase these FMCGs. We will write a custom essay sample on Perception towards the Fast Moving Consumer Goods in Rural Market or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Further, they consider their own experience, display at shops; incentive schemes for the purchase of these FMCGs, whereas they do not fully agree that advice of beautician influences their decision towards the purchase of these FMCGs. On the other hand, rural buyers perceived that social factors are no so strong that those may influence their decision to purchase these FMCGs. Hence, it may be recommended that the producers or marketers should frame ethical advertising strategies keeping in mind that rural people are fond of electronic and print media advertisements. Key Words: Frame of References, Foot-in-Door Strategy, FMCGs. Introduction As we know, consumers have different frame of references formed out of the information gathered from their experience. They try to fit the goods and services in these frames of references. If they do not fit they reject theà things. Many of these reference points are subconscious because they are deeply imbedded in the subconscious mind. It is important to have knowledge of assumptions and beliefs held by consumers. Some consumers may use price as an index of quality. They may declare a product or service as cheap if it sells at a price substantially below the level at which competitive brands are selling. Consumers make a number of assumptions regarding products, services and producers often without fact, e. g. The beer in pastel colour bottles is thought to be lighter and beer in the coloured bottles is considered stronger. Similarly, natural fabrics e. g. wool are considered better that synthetic; and the products 1 IJTMR www. ijtmr. com International Journal of Techno-Management Research, Vol. 01, Issue 02, September 2013 ISSN: 2321-3744 produced in one country are considered superior than produced in other country. Attributes and beliefs are closely related to attitude but harder to change than attitudes. Many times, they are obtained from previous generations and are implanted in an early age of person. People above certain group affiliations and their assumptions and beliefs are drawn from affiliations as in the case of a social class (Sumathi, et al. , 2003). REVIEW OF LITERATURE Sukato and Elsey (2009) examined the phenomena of male consumer behaviour in buying skin care products in Thailand. In order to cope with the research purpose, Fishbein and Ajzen? s theory of reasoned action model is employed as a theoretical framework and modified by adding the self-image construct. The results of the study confirm that beliefs, self-image, normative influences, and attitudes have impacts on purchase intention and purchase behaviour in buying skin care products among Bangkok male consumers and therefore, the modified theory of reasoned action is appropriate to explain male consumer behaviour in the purchase of specific cosmetic product in the Thai setting. Vani, et al. (2010) examined consumer behaviour in Bangalore city regarding toothpaste bands and found that consumer awareness of toothpaste is less in Bangalore city. Oral care market offers huge potential as penetration and per capita consumption of oral care product is very low in India. Further, the study found that brand image, advertising and offer play an important role in purchasing toothpaste, sometimes based on the offer the consumer compare with competitor product and select the best one. Product attribute also analyzed by the consumer for deciding a brand. Switching of one product to other company product is mainly based on advertisement, brand name, packaging availability and price rise. Sridhar and Mishra (2010) analyzed that the rationale and method for studying product adaptation in rural markets and concluded that the findings of the study are contrary to the general understanding that rural is perceived very differently and hence operationalized differently by different organization. However, the results show that contingency theory holds true in case of product adaptation in rural markets also. With the increase in executives? representation of rurality, product adaptation degree also increased. The study also found that the factors influencing the purchase decision of the respondents, consumers buying are influence the most by the product factor due to design, quality, durability, made from safe environment and product range but few respondents are not satisfied with the packaging, image and size of the product. Both the companies are almost on the same platform regarding the factors of competitive price, shape, design, Haats and mandis and message/languages/ presentation of advertisement. The consumers are showing their dissatisfaction for malls and super markets, greater mobility, shop is conveniently situated, and product display is attractive, value for price paid, cash discount and pricing policy. Lastly, the study concluded that in parameters like, image, shape and size, packaging, durability, small size products, low priced sample packets, price scheme, celebrity endorsement and use of transport like autos, camel carts, HUL has an edge over ITC. Vernekar and Wadhwa (2011) examined the consumer attitudes and perceptions towards eco-friendly products in FMCG sector and their willingness to pay on green products. The study revealed that the green products have substantial awareness among urban Indian customers and they are willing to pay something more on green products. The majority of customers considered that package is most important element of such products. Chandrasekhar (2012) analyzed the consumer buying behaviour and brand loyalty in rural markets regarding fast moving consumer goods and found that brand loyalty is more in Badangpet and Nadergul region and less in Chintulla in soaps category. In hair oil category, branded products usage is more in Badangpet and Nadergul villages and consumer prefer to purchase local brands in Chintulla village. It is also found that Vatika and Navratan hair oils dominate in Badangpet, Parachute hair oil in Nadergul and Gograda local brand and Dabur in Chintulla. In case of Biscuits category, consumers mostly buy in loose, which are available in nearby shops like Salt biscuits, Osmania biscuits etc. Parle-G and Tiger are mostly used brands in Badangpet. Tea is purchased in loose, which is available in local shops. The popular brands Red Label, Three Roses and Gemini are used in Badangpet village. Further, the study found that coffee consumption is very less or no consumption in Nadergul and Chintulla villages. In case of washing powder, Nirma dominate all the three selected sample rural markets regions. In remote area like Chintulla, Nirma sell Rs. 1 sachets. In washing soap category, Rin, 501, Nirma, XXX and Extra 3 IJTMR www. ijtmr. com International Journal of Techno-Management Research, Vol. 01, Issue 02, September 2013 ISSN: 2321-3744 Local Brand dominates all the three selected rural markets. It is also concluded that Ponds, Chintol and Santoor face powder dominated the market and Pond? s has dominated the market in consumption in Badangpet. In sum, the study also found that male members of the family are alone going to buy consumer products and women are not interested in shopping and do not come out from their houses frequently. Jain and Sharma (2012) analyzed the brand awareness and customer preferences for FMCG products in rural market of Garhwal region. The study found that average awareness of the respondents in the rural market is approximately 75 per cent, 70 per cent, 72 per cent, 64 per cent and 73 per cent in case of shampoo, washing powder, soap, tea, toothpaste respectively, which infers that people in the rural market have on an average awareness about most of the products. In the shampoo category, the study found that the respondents give 1st rank to Pantene and last rank to Chik; in case of washing powder, 1st rank to Surf Excel and last rank to Nirma; to soap category, 1st rank to Dettol and last rank to Rexona; in case of Tea, 1st rank to Tata tea and last rank to Maharani tea and in category of toothpaste, 1st rank to Colgate and last rank to Cibaca which infers that advertising and marketing activities have major influences in choices of people in rural market. The study further found that among various factors like quality, price, easy availability, family liking, advertisement, variety, credit attributes of brand preference; the quality is the first preference in case of brand choices and rural people give least preference to variety and credit attributes. It is also concluded that there is a positive impact of media on brand preference of FMCG products among consumers. Jayswal and Shah (2012) analyzed the effect of some selected FMCG product? s television advertisements with commonly used negative emotional appeals on cognitive message processing style of Indian house wives. The study revealing different effect of different advertisement with negative emotional appeals derived that advertising creative aspect has considered most important and it has been truly said that ââ¬Å"what you say is equally important to how you say. â⬠Through varied hypothesis developed by the researcher, the findings is negative emotional advertising appeal makes the cognitive response positive, helps to form positive attitude and this increases the customer intention to buy the brand. The different advertising themes have difference in their effect on individual perception. Prajapati and Thakor (2012) examined the competitive and innovative promotional tools used by toothpaste companies in rural market and its impact on consumer buying behaviour in Gujarat. The study found that rural consumers are more concerned about the quality, brand name of the oral care products purchased by them. Further, it was also found that once the rural consumers found that certain à brands are suitable to them, they do not change it easily due to influence of friends or social groups and lack of availability of their usual brands. In toothpaste category, Colgate and Close-up are the most favorite brands. Price, promotional schemes, color and availability of the product are more influencing factor when they buy the toothpaste. Rural consumers are generally following the instructions of the retailers for buying the toothpaste and also consider the promotional scheme when buy the toothpaste and the prices off schemes are the most influencing scheme to them. When there are special discount and dentist suggest them to purchase the toothpaste they definitely purchase it. Ranu and Rishu (2012) analyzed the scope of Ingredient branding in creating sustainable differentiation advantage for FMCG companies. The results of the study revealed that careful planning must be done before entering into a relationship in order to maximize the benefits of any ingredient branding strategy. Along with the costs involved in forming and maintaining the alliance, and the opportunity cost involved for the partnering firm, the consumer? Quality sensitivity and their ability to evaluate quality must also be considered. Firms considering an ingredient branding strategy must also evaluate the customer? s perception toward each brand prior to the alliance. The perceived fit of the products as well as the brands must be understood, and the level of customer familiarity with each brand must be gauged. This will help marketers in developing a successful Ingredient branding strategy, which builds on the strengths of the partnering brands and generates additional value for the consumer. Mishra, et al. (2012) examined the major dimensions of consumers? Perception about the benefits they derive from different types of sales promotion schemes in durable goods and to build a framework showing the valid relationships among all types of multiple consumer benefits of sales promotion in consumer durables. This exploratory study is mainly based on field survey carried out in India. The findings indicate that consumers perceive factors like savings, higher product quality, shopping convenience categorized as utilitarian benefits and value expression, entertainment, exploration categorized as hedonic benefits as primary reasons for taking advantage of various sales promotion schemes. Vaishnani (2012) examined and measured brand equity perception with reference to sales promotion schemes for selected FMCG products and it is concluded that there is no significant difference between of brand equity perception among gender as one of the demographic variables. Apart from it, it is concluded that there is significant difference between brand equity perceptions among various employment status. Adding to it, it is clear that self employed consumers compare to not employed 5 IJTMR www. ijtmr. com International Journal of Techno-Management Research, Vol. This is proven through study of FMCG data and it is shown that price promotions can be optimized to improve return without increased risk. After, reviewing the existing literature it is observed that the above studies have considered different factors a lot. However, these studies not focussed upon the purchase decision behaviour of rural areas. Consequently, the present study entitled ââ¬Å"Customerââ¬â¢ Perception towards the Fast Moving Consumer Goods in Rural Market: An Analysisâ⬠may be conducted. Methodology and Objectives The present study is of exploratory, descriptive, pure and empirical in nature. The present research paper attempts to identify the factors affecting the purchase decisions of customers towards the purchase of FMCGs and to recommend the particular factors that should be considered most important for such type of decisions. To achieve the said objectives, only twelfth question item of the questionnaire (Total 16 question items) was used. The study used primary data collected with the help of a well-structured questionnaire by following ââ¬Å¾Foot-in-Door Strategy? (FIDS) (Malhotra, et al. , 2010). Further, to analyze and interpret the dataà frequency distribution, mean, mode, percentage for exploratory data analysis and standard deviation (S. D. ), correlation, F-test (ANOVA) and factor analysis were used for confirmatory data analysis. In the light of the above mentioned objective the following hypothesis was that the rural buyers do not significantly differ demographically towards factors influencing their purchasing decision for fast moving consumer goods (H1). Sampling Plan The steps in the sampling design were as follows. The response on these factors were collected from rural buyers on 5-point Likert scale from 5 for strongly agree, 4 for agree, 3 for neither agree nor disagree, 2 for disagree to 1 for strongly disagree continuum. The mean values of most of the variables are more than 3, which gives the inference that rural buyers admit that the above said factors certainly affect their decision regarding the purchase of all fast moving consumer goods. To test the appropriateness of factor analysis technique the correlation between the variables is checked and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy statistic is also used for the same. The correlation matrix is a lower triangle matrix showing the simple correlation, r, between all possible pairs of variables included in the analysis. Being an identity matrix of population correlation matrix, all the diagonal terms are 1, and all off-diagonal terms are 0. The test statistics for Sphercity is based on a Chisquare transformation of the determinants of the correlation matrix. Favours the rejection of the null hypothesis. Further, KMO compares the magnitude of the observed correlation coefficients to the magnitude of partial correlation coefficients. Small the value of KMO statistic indicate that the correlation between pairs of variables cannot be explained by other variables and the factor analysis may not be appropriate. Generally, a value greater than 0. 5 is desirable for the test statistic. Here, it can be seen from Table 3 that the null hypothesis, that the population correlation matrix is an identity matrix, is rejected by Bartletts Test of Sphericity. The approximate Chi-square statistic value is 22612. 664 with 630 degree of freedom, which is significant at 0. 05 level. The value of KMO statistic (. 774) is also large (gt;0. 5). Thus, factor analysis may be considered as appropriate techniques for analyzing the correlation matrix. The matrix constructed from the data obtained in form of the responses of rural buyers? overall opinion about the factors influence their decision to purchase various FMCGs. Once, it has been determined that factor analysis is suitable for analyzing the data, an appropriate method must be selected. The approach used to drive the weight or factors score coefficients. The two basic approaches are principal component analysis (PCA) and Common factor analysis (CFA). In PCA, the total variance in data is considered. The diagonal of the correlation matrix consists of unities and full variance is brought into the factor analysis. PCA is recommended when the primary concern is to determine the minimum number of factors that will account for maximum variance in the data for use in subsequent multivariate analysis. Further, PCA may be carried out if the correlation for the variables contains at least two correlations of 0. 30 or greater. The correlation matrix of 36 variables which were developed to know the overall opinion of rural buyers towards factors influence their decision to purchase FMCGs under study and it is found there are high correlations between the variables; therefore, it may be stated that factor analysis is appropriate. Further, it is found that 17 variables have the correlations above 0. 30. Therefore, PCA method is used for extraction of variable for the component or factor concerned. The extraction communalities for each variable which is the amount of variance a variable shares with all the other variables being considered. It is also the proportion of variance explained by the common factors. In the Table 4, five factors have been extracted on the basis of prior knowledge to describe the relationships among variable in a best way. Further, the scree plot associated with this analysis is given in Exhibit 1. From the scree plot, a distinct break occurs at five factors. Finally, from the cumulative percentage of variance accounted for, it can be seen that five account for 50.à 835 per cent of the variance, 8 IJTMR www. ijtmr. com International Journal of Techno-Management Research, Vol. 01, Issue 02, September 2013 ISSN: 2321-3744 contributed by first component is 17. 480 followed by second (9. 914 per cent), third (8. 257 per cent), fourth (7. 740 per cent) and fifth (7. 444 per cent) of total variance. The rotation was made by the most commonly used method i. e. varimax procedure. This is an orthogonal method of rotation that minimizes the number of variables with high loadings on a factor, thereby enhancing the interpretability of the factors. Interpretation is facilitated by identifying the variables that have large loadings on the same factor. That factor can be interpreted in terms of the variables that load high on it. For the purpose of interpretation, each factor was composed of variables that loaded 0. 30 or higher on that factor. In case, where variables loaded 0. 30 or above on two factors, each variable was assigned to the factor where it had the highest loading. The maximum of each row (ignoring the sign) indicates the respective variable belongs to the respective component (Table 5). After interpretation of the factors, Table 6 enlists the rating of factors on the basis of their importance and also depicts the results through ANOVA. It depicts that factor 3 is at the top by which rural buyers perceived that TV commercials ( =4. 20) followed by print advertisements ( =4. 18) and word of mouth ( =. 95) plays a significant role for taking the decision to purchase these FMCGs. Further, they consider their own experience, display at shop, incentive schemes for the purchase of these FMCGs. Whereas, they do not fully agree that advice of beautician influence their decision towards the purchase of these FMCGs. On the other hand, rural buyers perceived that social factors are no so strong that those may influence their decision to purchase these FMCGs (factor 5, =3. 084). As far as F-statistics (ANOVA) is concerned, Table 6 shows that rural buyers significantly differ education, gender, income and occupation-wise towards cultural and psychological factors; age, education marital, income, occupation and district-wise towards social factors and marital status wise they differ towards demographic factors which may influence their purchasing decision of fast moving consumer goods at 0.01 significance level with respective degrees of freedom of demographic characteristics of the rural buyers by rejecting null hypothesis. Concluding Remarks In total, it is found that rural buyers perceived that TV commercials followed by print advertisements and word of mouth plays a significant role for taking the decision to purchase these FMCGs. Further, they consider their own experience, display at shops; incentive schemes for the purchase of these FMCGs, whereas they do not fully agree that advice of beautician influences their decision towards the purchase of these FMCGs. On the other hand, rural buyers perceived that social factors are no so strong 9 IJTMR www. ijtmr. com International Journal of Techno-Management Research, Vol. 01, Issue 02, September 2013 ISSN: 2321-3744 that those may influence their decision to purchase these FMCGs. Therefore, it may be recommended that the producers or marketers should frame ethical advertising strategies keeping in mind that rural people are fond of electronic and print media advertisements. References 1. Chandrasekhar, B. V. N. G. tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-44384362138266316442020-03-17T19:39:00.001-07:002020-03-17T19:39:02.879-07:00An Overview of Labeling TheoryAn Overview of Labeling Theory Labeling theory states that people come to identify and behave in ways that reflect how others label them. It is most commonly associated with the sociology of crime and deviance: labeling and treating someone as criminally deviant can foster deviant behavior. Labeling someone as a criminal, for example, can cause others to treat them more negatively- and the response to being treated more negatively can be in turn for that person to act more negatively. ï » ¿The Origins of Labeling Theory Labeling theory is rooted in the idea of the social construction of reality, which is central to the field of sociology and is linked to the symbolic interactionist perspective. As an area of focus, it flourished within American sociology during the 1960s, thanks in large part to sociologistà Howard Becker. However, its core ideas can be traced back to the work of founding French sociologistà Emile Durkheim. The theory of American sociologistà George Herbert Mead, which focused on the social construction of the self as a process involving interactions with others, was also influential in its development. Others involved in the development of labeling theory and the conduct of research related to it include Frank Tannenbaum, Edwin Lemert, Albert Memmi, Erving Goffman, and David Matza. Overview Labeling theory is one of the most important approaches to understanding deviant and criminal behavior. Ità begins with the assumption that no act is intrinsically criminal. Definitions of criminality are established by those in power through the formulation of laws and the interpretation of those laws by police, courts, and correctional institutions. Deviance is therefore not a set of characteristics of individuals or groups, but rather it is a process of interaction between deviants and non-deviants and the context in which criminality is being interpreted. To understand the nature of deviance itself, we must first understand why some people are tagged with a deviant label, and others are not. Those who represent forces of law and order and those who enforce the boundaries of what is considered normal behavior, such as the police, court officials, experts, and school authorities, provide the main source of labeling. By applying labels to people, and in the process creating categories of deviance, these people reinforce the power structure of society. Many of the rules that define deviance and the contexts in which deviant behavior is labeled as deviant are framed by the wealthy for the poor, by men for women, by older people for younger people, and by ethnic and racial majorities for minority groups. In other words, the more powerful and dominant groups in society create and apply deviant labels to the subordinate groups. For example, many children engage in activities such as breaking windows, stealing fruit from other peopleââ¬â¢s trees, climbing into other peopleââ¬â¢s yards, or playing hooky from school. In affluent neighborhoods, these acts may be regarded by parents, teachers, and police as innocent aspects of the process of growing up. In poor areas, on the other hand, these same activities might be seen as tendencies towards juvenile delinquency, which suggests that differences of class and race play an important role in the process of assigning labels of deviance. Research has shown that Black girls and boys are disciplined more frequently and more harshly by teachers and school administrators thanà are their peers of other races, though there is no evidence to suggest that they misbehave more frequently. Similarly, and with much more severe consequences, statistics that show that police kill Black people at a far higher rate than whites, even when they are unarmed and have committed no crime, suggests that the misapplication of deviant labels as a result of racial stereotypes is at play. Once a person is labeled as deviant, it is extremely difficult to remove that label. The deviant person becomes stigmatized as a criminal or deviant and is likely to be considered, and treated, as untrustworthy by others. The deviant individual is then likely to accept the label that has been attached, seeing himself or herself as deviant, and act in a way that fulfills the expectations of that label. Even if the labeled individual does not commit any further deviant acts than the one that caused them to be labeled, getting rid of that label can be very hard and time-consuming. For example, it is usually very difficult for a convicted criminal to find employment after release from prison because of their label as ex-criminal. They have been formally and publicly labeled a wrongdoer and are treated with suspicion likely for the remainder of their lives. Critiques of Labeling Theory One critique of labeling theory is that it emphasizes the interactive process of labeling and ignores the processes and structures that lead to deviant acts. Such processes might include differences in socialization, attitudes, and opportunities, and how social and economic structures impact these. The second critique of labeling theory is that it is still not clear whether or not labeling has the effect of increasing deviant behavior. Delinquent behavior tends to increase following conviction, but is this the result of labeling itself as the theory suggests? It is very difficult to say, since many other factors may be involved, including increased interaction with other delinquents and learning new criminal opportunities. Further Reading Crime and Communityà by Frank Tannenbaum (1938)Outsidersà by Howard Becker (1963)The Colonizer and the Colonizedà by Albert Memmi (1965)Human Deviance, Social Problems and Social Controlà by Edwin Lemert (1967)Learning to Labour: How Working Class Kids Get Working Class Jobsà by Paul Willis (1977)Punished: Policing the Lives of Black and Latino Boysà by Victor Rios (2011) Identityà andWomen Without Class: Girls, Race by Julie Bettie (2014) tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-43490746533038160632020-03-01T11:25:00.001-08:002020-03-01T11:25:02.267-08:0010 Popular Types Free Printable Graph Paper10 Popular Types Free Printable Graph Paper SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Do you need to print out some graph paper for an assignment, a project, or just for fun? Are you curious about the different types and what they're used for? Then you've come to the right place to browse and print out whatever graph paper you need! What Is Graph Paper? In the most basic sense, graph paper is paper that comes pre-printed with faint lines that make up a grid. There are all different ways to accomplish this, but the most common is a grid made of squares composed of parallel horizontal and vertical lines. Youââ¬â¢re probably already familiar with ruled paper- paper that comes pre-printed with horizontal lines that you can use to write on neatly. Graph paper provides assistance in a similar way, but with a grid that anchors your work to two dimensions rather than just one. Youââ¬â¢ll most likely need graph paper for math and math-based work. For example, as a beginning student, you can use it for visual representations of numbers when learning multiplication or addition. Later in school, youââ¬â¢ll find itââ¬â¢s much easier to use grid paper to graph geometric figures on a XY-plane than blank or ruled paper. Finally, of course, any schematic, drawing, or design that needs to be to-scale and precise is easier to do on grid paper. However, you can also use graph paper for fun. It's perfect for creating complex designs for interior design, quilting, beading, embroidery, and knitting. It's also an excellent tool for games that feature maps or strategic divisions of space: for instance, most role-playing games use graph paper to show where characters are in relation to terrain, each other, and enemies. This complex textile design uses graph paper to figure out how to create a repeating pattern. Download Free Graph Paper Depending on your project, youââ¬â¢ll need a different kind of grid on your graph paper. I've created 10 printable graph paper PDFs (with alternate JPG versions) to meet your needs. Quad-Ruled Graph Paper Here are several versions of the most standard kind of graph paper- the kind that is made up of squares. Use this paper for math projects like graphing lines or functions, for science projects like creating charts of experiment results, or for developing creative symmetrical or repeating designs. ââ¦âº inch squares: JPG Version | PDF Version à ¼ inch squares (most common size): JPG version | PDF version à ½ inch squares: JPG version | PDF version Quad-Ruled Graph Paper with XY-Coordinates If youââ¬â¢re doing a lot of coordinate geometry, save yourself some time with graph paper that already has an XY-axis on it! Full-page coordinate grid: JPG version | PDF version Half-page coordinate grids: JPG version | PDF version Multi-Line Graph Paper This graph paper features a standard à ¼ inch quad grid overlaid with slightly heavier lines in intervals of 4 or 5 squares. Use it to learn skip-counting when first discovering numbers, or use it to easily create bar graphs and other kinds of visual data representation à ¼ inch minor lines, with major lines every 4 squares: JPG version | PDF version à ¼ inch minor lines, with major lines every 5 squares: JPG version | PDF version Dot Paper Dot paper is graph paper that only marks the corners of the grid squares and leaves out their sides. Use it for charts and designs, particularly if youââ¬â¢d like a less visually cluttered result. Because the paper only has dots, any lines you draw won't have to compete with the pre-printed lines that standard quad paper has. à ¼ inch spaced dots: JPG version | PDF version à ½ inch spaced dots: JPG version | PDF version Isometric (Triangle Grid) Paper In this kind of graph paper, instead of squares, the grid is made up out of equilateral triangles. Use it to create 3-dimensional drawings for designs like woodworking plans, interior space planning, or graphing on an XYZ-axis. Draw your vertical lines normally, and then draw any horizontal lines using the sides of the triangles. Because the grid creates angled cubes, your drawings are instantly in 3D. à ¼ inch isometric graph paper: JPG version | PDF version Here's a cool example of what you can do with isometric paper.(Image: tygerbaer2013 via Deviant Art) Expert Tips for Using Graph Paper in Math If you're using graph paper to learn math, let me share a few ideas for how to get the most productive use out of this tool. For Beginner Students For younger students, you can use graph paper to help with concepts like: The number line. Drawing a number line on graph paper automatically correctly spaces each segment. You can use the cross-lines to represent units, fives, tens, or hundreds. Addition and subtraction. Use different color pencils to add or remove squares from a whole. Alternatively, you can use a number line to show that addition and subtraction are ways or moving up or down on it. Multiplication and division. Use rectangular shapes to demonstrate how 3x8 yields the same result as 4x6 by graphing 3 rows of 8, then graphing 4 rows of six, and then counting the resulting squares. Fractions. Divide a rectangle into a variety of equal parts with colored pencils to show how many equal parts can make up a whole. Mapping an environment. Connect our 3D world to 2D space by making a map of the room youââ¬â¢re in, or of your street. For More Advanced Learning As you continue in school, graph paper should become one of the many tools in your problem-solving arsenal. Automatically use graph paper. Remember that you may find it easier to solve problems with graph paper even if they donââ¬â¢t explicitly say to use it. For example, many geometry problems are easier to figure out when you see them represented visually. Graph paper makes the best scratch paper. Use grid paper as your math scratch paper- it will force you to be neater and more precise when organizing proofs, reducing formulas, and so on. What's Next? Learning coordinate geometry and struggling with some of the concepts? Use our guides to the four graph quadrants and completing the square to help fill in some of the gaps. What graph-related math do you need to know for the SAT/ACT? Find out with our articles about coordinate geometry in the SAT and ACT. tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-50950127325120829472020-02-14T02:51:00.001-08:002020-02-14T02:51:03.396-08:00Virtualisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsVirtualisation - Essay Example Due to this fact, even very small data centers are forced to deploy many servers though they can never operate at 100% efficiency (Costas, 2006). These servers tend to operate at just 5-15% of capacity and by any given standard this is considered to be highly inefficient. Virtualization therefore can be described as the most effective way that is used to reduce the expenses relating to IT in small as well as medium sized businesses. Virtualization also boosts efficiency as well as the agility of the businesses. Costas further goes ahead to describe how virtualization software solves this problem and this is through ensuring that several software and applications are enabled to run on one physical server also referred to as the host. In order for this to successfully take place, each of the self-contained virtual machines are isolated from all the others. The self-contained server machine is then set to use much of the hostsââ¬â¢ computing resources that it needs in order for its operations to be effective. Further in his book, Costas goes ahead to discuss the benefits that are achieved from server virtualization. First, there is greater utilization of every server up to 80%. As a result, each server is separated from the others and; thus, increases the efficiency from 15% to 80%. Deploying many servers in one place at the same time tends to reduce the efficiency of their operations. The second benefit associated with virtualization is reduction in hardware requirements by a ratio of up to 10:1. This is a very high ratio and the benefits of efficiency that will result from the reduction of hardware will be very beneficial to the particular business (Costas, 2006). Another benefit associated with virtualization software is the fact that capital and operations expenses are cut into half. As discussed earlier we saw that organizations that do not employ virtualization software tend to use most of their profit back to processing rather than focusing it on tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-17403551845104010022020-02-01T15:45:00.001-08:002020-02-01T15:45:03.945-08:00Incredible India Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsIncredible India - Assignment Example The former capital of India was Kolkata, situated in the east of India. Today the capital of this country is Delhi located in the northern part of the country. Its flag has 3 horizontal bands of 3 colors with a blue Ashok chakra (24- spokes wheel) in the middle of the white band. First band is of saffron color which stands for courage and sacrifice, the second band is white which symbolizes peace and honesty, whereas the third band which is green signifies hope, joy, fertility and love and in many cultures have a sacred significance. Blue symbolizes vigilance, truth and loyalty, perseverance and justice. The currency of India is denoted in rupees. II. When we hear the name ââ¬Å"Indiaâ⬠one thing that comes to our minds is a huge country full of different colorful cultures and people coming from different religions with unlike beliefs speaking diverse languages having dissimilar lifestyles staying together with peace and harmony in one country. India was once known as the â⬠Å"Golden birdâ⬠and today it is considered as the country of colors. From the deep red ââ¬âorange marigold flowers that festoon almost every festivity to the tones of deep red that become the adornment of the bride on her most important day, India without colors cannot be imagined. Colors, becoming a vital part, controls every aspect of life in India when it comes to religions, festivals ,cultures , politics be it anything. In India be it north, south, east or west, color and culture go hand in hand. If I had to define India in one line it would be a magical experience which must not be missed. III. Below I will be discussing about language, art, marriage, family and religion in India. First we need to know the definitons of language, art, marriage, family and religion. IV. According to dictionary.reference.com, ââ¬Å"a body of words and the systems for their use common to a people of the same community or nationâ⬠is called a language. In simple words a language is a way of communication between two or more living beings in such a way that both can understand what the other is trying to share. India is a vast country and therefore has many people belonging to diverse cultures. Each culture and community has its own language. Languages in India have evolved from two families, the Aryan and the Dravidian. Languages spoken in the southern part of India belong to the Dravidian family whereas the languages spoken in the northern part of Indian come from the Aryan family. Apart from these two families of language there is another language known as Sini-which come from the Mongoloid family mostly spoken in East India. Languages have evolved in different phases of history of India. The languages in which the holy books of different religions have been written is not spoken commonly any more. The holy books of hindus are written in Sanskrit, the holy books of Buddhism are written in Pali whereas Qoran is written in Arabic. Though these languages are not spoken in day to day life yet sanskrit is acknowledged as one of the official languages of India. Today Hindi is recognized as the official national language of India. Hindi is easily understood everywhere in India. People who speak other languages have also got quite familiar with Hindi due to media. Second to Hindi comes English. Today english is widely spoken tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-49830741465797094962020-01-24T12:09:00.001-08:002020-01-24T12:09:03.269-08:00Aggression: Social Learning & Cognitive Neoassociation in the Iraq WarFrom the daily conflict in Iraq to extreme incidents like the torture of prisoners at Abu Ghraib, dehumanization of the "enemy" and the influence of the environment in which they are encountered can explain how and why soldiers on both sides aggress. Social learning theory is at the root of the dehumanizing process, for as seen in "Faces of the Enemy," such behavior is consistently supported & rewarded by the media and by armed forces (Jersey & Friedman, 1987). Equally important is the role of cognitive neoassociation analysis by Berkowitz, which acknowledges the environment and situational influences that can lead to feelings of aggression. Through the intersections of these two theories emerges a more comprehensive analysis than would be possible from one alone. In this case, social learning theory often plays its role by teaching through observation. When individual Iraqi insurgents or al-Qaeda in Iraq see others dehumanizing American soldiers and earning praise for it, they become accustomed to such thoughts, and as stated, find it easier to aggress. Such insurgents learn by the example of others that dehumanization is acceptable. The less human another seems, the easier it is to harm; often, soldiers' orders require them to do just that. In some ways this process mimics the BoBo doll experiment by Bandura (1977) in which children performed similar aggressive acts after seeing adults perform them (Kassin, Fein & Markus, 2008 p. 403). In June of this year, fifteen American soldiers were killed, mostly by attacks by Shiite militias (Associated Press [AP], 2011). Moktada al-Sadr, an influential Shiite cleric who is known for his anti-Americanism, said the American troops should be treated as "tyrannical occupiers" (AP, ... ...ar attacks, leading to additional stress (2007, p. 351). Pappas, apparently affected by the attacks, often made the soldiers sleep inside the prison cells for protection (Zimbardo, 2007 p. 335). With factors of heat, high stress, time pressure and lack of training, such stimulus likely helped produce the soldiers' readiness to aggress towards the detainees. In reality, it is a combination of contributing theories rather than a singular theory that explains such aggression in situations like Iraq. While learning to dehumanize prepares soldiers on both sides for aggression, cognitive neoassociation demonstrates how negative environmental factors contribute to the violence. However, though such theories of aggression stress the importance of the situation, social psychology does not excuse or condone extreme actions taken by both parties: it can only explain. Aggression: Social Learning & Cognitive Neoassociation in the Iraq War From the daily conflict in Iraq to extreme incidents like the torture of prisoners at Abu Ghraib, dehumanization of the "enemy" and the influence of the environment in which they are encountered can explain how and why soldiers on both sides aggress. Social learning theory is at the root of the dehumanizing process, for as seen in "Faces of the Enemy," such behavior is consistently supported & rewarded by the media and by armed forces (Jersey & Friedman, 1987). Equally important is the role of cognitive neoassociation analysis by Berkowitz, which acknowledges the environment and situational influences that can lead to feelings of aggression. Through the intersections of these two theories emerges a more comprehensive analysis than would be possible from one alone. In this case, social learning theory often plays its role by teaching through observation. When individual Iraqi insurgents or al-Qaeda in Iraq see others dehumanizing American soldiers and earning praise for it, they become accustomed to such thoughts, and as stated, find it easier to aggress. Such insurgents learn by the example of others that dehumanization is acceptable. The less human another seems, the easier it is to harm; often, soldiers' orders require them to do just that. In some ways this process mimics the BoBo doll experiment by Bandura (1977) in which children performed similar aggressive acts after seeing adults perform them (Kassin, Fein & Markus, 2008 p. 403). In June of this year, fifteen American soldiers were killed, mostly by attacks by Shiite militias (Associated Press [AP], 2011). Moktada al-Sadr, an influential Shiite cleric who is known for his anti-Americanism, said the American troops should be treated as "tyrannical occupiers" (AP, ... ...ar attacks, leading to additional stress (2007, p. 351). Pappas, apparently affected by the attacks, often made the soldiers sleep inside the prison cells for protection (Zimbardo, 2007 p. 335). With factors of heat, high stress, time pressure and lack of training, such stimulus likely helped produce the soldiers' readiness to aggress towards the detainees. In reality, it is a combination of contributing theories rather than a singular theory that explains such aggression in situations like Iraq. While learning to dehumanize prepares soldiers on both sides for aggression, cognitive neoassociation demonstrates how negative environmental factors contribute to the violence. However, though such theories of aggression stress the importance of the situation, social psychology does not excuse or condone extreme actions taken by both parties: it can only explain. tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-28573857604398277902020-01-16T08:33:00.001-08:002020-01-16T08:33:04.316-08:00Amazon Business Model EssayOverview: Amazon.com was founded in 1994, it started by selling books online. As it grew, the company started offering various products and services. Some goods include: DVDs, videos, electronics, camera and photography, clothing apparels, shoes, and so forth. Other retailers have merged with Amazon.com to offer diverse quality of items based on different degrees of usage, such as new, refurbished, and used items. The companyââ¬â¢s headquarter is in Seattle, Washington. It has six global websites that serves customers that are based in the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Canada, and Japan. Their website features: e-mail order verification, customer review on products, and one-click shopping. Vision: According to Jeff Bezos, the founder of Amazon.com, they want to build one of the most customer-centric company in the world. A place where people can find everything they want to buy online (Amazon.com: the Hidden Empire, 2011). Mission: ââ¬Å"Work Hard, Have Fun, and Make History.â⬠The companyââ¬â¢s core value is based upon customer obsession. With the help of innovation and technology, they want to take lead in customer care (Fast Moving Consumer Goods, 2009). Business Model A business model is a conceptual framework which expresses the underlying economic logic and system. It proves how a business can appropriate costs, make money, and deliver value to customers. As a result, this segment will introduce this companyââ¬â¢s model, and how over the course of several years, it has managed to adapt their model to keep itself ahead (Business Model Definition, N.D). Business Strategy: Business Foundation: The foundation of Amazon.com was built on the ability to transform. It has proved that when opportunities arise to serve new or existing customers, it manages to adapt new business models to exploit it. The company is able to launch and run new businesses while extracting value on existing ones. Accordingly, they will satisfy their customerââ¬â¢s need no matter what, even if it is foreign to their current model. ââ¬Å"You cannot stop at what you are good at.â⬠Jeff Bezos says, ââ¬Å"You have to ask what your customers need and want, and then, no matter how hard it is, you better get good at those things.â⬠(Jeff Bezos Biography, 2001). The leader of Amazon was always interested in building an online retailer. The business model was not uniquely customized to the peculiarity of the Internet, nor was it predominantly innovative as it was based upon an online catalog operation. He saw himself improving on the traditional brick-and-mortar stores saying, ââ¬Å"Look at e-retailing. The key trade that we make is that we trade real estate for technology. Real estate is the key cost of physical retailers. Thatââ¬â¢s why thereââ¬â¢s the old saw: location, location, location. Real estate gets more expensive every year, and technology gets cheaper every year. And it gets cheaper fast.â⬠(Online Extra: Q&A, 2001). However, it was an inexperienced observation when the company assumed that it could expand without making physical investments. Currently, Amazon has invested a large amount of funds into warehouses. Third Party Sellers: After gaining a large amount of profit from their book industry, they began to expand into easily shippable consumer goods. This lead them into two new directions; the first initiative was to host small business as part of the Z-Shop project. The second was partnering with several e-retailers that sold goods that Amazon.com did not. These projects allowed merchants to list up to 3,000 items at cost of 9.99 USD a month (Amazon.com Opens zShops, 1999). Even though this creates competition between Amazon.com and the third party sellers, it gains a percentage of each sale as commission from these merchants. The company obtains information on consumerââ¬â¢s purchasing habits, and create one destination where purchasers enjoy a consistent experience (Chaffey, D., 2012). Competitive Environment As stated previously, Amazon.com is an e-market, and in order to analyze the competitive environment both SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) and Porterââ¬â¢s Five Forces will be discussed. SWOT Analysis Strengths: As of January 2010, Amazon.com has three times the Internet sales revenue of the runner up, Staples. By offering a large amount of varied categories through its website and other international ones (Amazon.co.uk, Amazon.co.fr, and so on), it has managed to grow to a customer based company with over 30 million people. In addition, the online retail format enables the company to reduce costs of managing inventory (Amazon.com; online bookstore, 2008). Due to Amazon.com building their business model around their customerââ¬â¢s ever-changing tastes and preferences, they were able to avoid the dot-com bust ââ¬â a period between 2000-2002, where many dot-com companies went bankrupt (Dot-com bust, 2012). Amazon.com has successfully managed to make its customers to feel that anything they could possibly want could be found on their website. Additionally, its products are marketed at a competitive price. Another important factor is their speedy delivery with their usage of UPS and FedEx (United States) and Royal Mail (United Kingdom). The company also caters for people that prefer online shopping with extra services such as Amazon Prime ââ¬â a service with a yearly payment, customers are eligible for free next day delivery. Even though Amazon.com is known to be an online seller of most things, it still excels in its original market of book selling. Evidence of such is that students are more likely to use the marketplace to purchase or sell used university books at a fair value. Weaknesses: From a financial standpoint, Amazon.comââ¬â¢s goal of being a customer-centric company that wants to gain a market share rather than profit may not be appealing to investors. Also by relying on third party sellers to provide products to customers, there is the risk that the seller may fail to commit to their sale. Customers will most likely blame Amazon; therefore, damaging Amazon.comââ¬â¢s reputation more than the third party. Another disadvantage is that prices may differ due to geographical location and economy, for example a FILCO Keyboard is 100USD in the in the States; whereas, in the United Kingdom, it is 100GBP. (Amazon.com; online bookstore, 2008). Opportunities: There is an opportunity to expand to other emerging countries such as China, India, and the Middle East. Not only does Amazon have opportunities to expand its base to other geographical locations around the world, it also has the chance to provide many local shops to sell its products abroad through their website. There will be an incentive for retailers to post products on Amazonââ¬â¢s website to increase their sales around the globe, as a result, the company will generate more revenue through third party sales. In addition, it is also possible to open retail stores or provide its own goods such as the Kindle Fire to well-known and established retailers. These suppliers could then be paid a small commission fee to have them display their goods in a proper showcase. This will allow customers to physically interact with the companyââ¬â¢s gadgets similar to an Apple store. They could also provide tech support to any problems that may arise. Threats: Currently Amazon.com faces the threat of 15 court cases in regards to patent infringement. Moreover, international issues with their foreign websites may occur, such as export and import restrictions, taxes, tariffs, trade barriers, different payment cycles, and political instability. To illustrate, American electronics use different voltages compared to Europeans, which may cause issues to buyers that are unaware; therefore, Amazon must take extra precaution to ensure that customers are fully aware of what they are purchasing. It may also struggle to provide proper customer support to people that have purchased goods abroad. Porterââ¬â¢s Five Forces Threat of New Entrants: It is unlikely that competitors will be able to compete with Amazon.comââ¬â¢s information system. The technology that has been used in their website is unique, such as the One-click shopping. It has been patented to deter their competitors from copying it. Competitors will find it difficult to compete with Amazonââ¬â¢s brand recognition, because they are well-known for selling books online and are fairly established in that market (Analysing Amazon.com, 2006). Bargaining Power of Buyer: Due to a wide variety of choice, the bargaining power is high as customers may choose to buy from other sites rather than Amazon. Although, Amazon.com has been known to price their products lower to compete with other services such as iTunes. Threat of Product Substitute: It may be considered high, because people might prefer to physically visit a store rather than buy it online. Bargaining Power of Supplier: Amazon.com is not allowed to directly purchase electronic products directly from main distributers such as Sony, because of its low cost strategy. On the other hand, in their book sector, the company has opened five automated distribution centers located within the United States. This lessens dependence on their main distributer, Ingram (Analysing Amazon.com, 2006). Industry Rivalry: Amazon.com has little competition versus websites that sell everything; however, they will have to compete with websites with certain niche for products. For example, competing with Newegg.com with computer parts, iTunes with music, Netflix with movies, Barnes and Nobles for books, and Best-Buy for electronics. Potential Growth through Agility and Adaptation To be regarded as an agile company it must have four characteristics; it must be flexible, adaptable, coordinated, and balanced. The business must have the capability to adjust and adapt in effective ways to environment and market changes. There are three types of agility, one that involves the customers, another with partners, and finally with operations (Marakas, 2011). Consumer Focused Strategy: As previously mentioned, Amazon.com is obsessed with its customer base, the companyââ¬â¢s aim is at gaining market share rather than profit. Accordingly, pricing is said to be the primary tool while considering customerââ¬â¢s bargaining power; therefore, adjusting the price of identical goods to correspond to the purchaserââ¬â¢s willingness to pay is a necessity. Amazon.com does not operate in any physical stores; all of its sales occur through its website. The company captures their customers recommendations and comments for site visitors to read, and this is similar to that of a salesperson in a store offering advice on which product to buy. Their website is consistently improved to be personalized and satisfying for customers. It tracks users traffic, the number and duration of visits, what products have been looked at, and so on. Amazon.com then uses all this information to create patterns. It then uses this data promotions and evaluation of goods. Unique and personalized features such as online customer reviews, personalized recommendations, and One-Click ordering, customers truly feel as if their needs are being catered to. Amazonââ¬â¢s website is so technologically advanced, that each customerââ¬â¢s front page would be different from another (Hill, M., N.D). Furthermore, Amazon.com offer its users almost everything due to the vast amount of resources available, such as Amazon.com Auctions, Marketplace (selling of used items), and Z-Shops (third-party sellers). Growth Strategy: In late 2007, Amazon created a subsidiary company called Lab126. Their first product was the Amazon Kindle E-Book Reader. Its business model was so foreign, that it had disrupted the entire industry. In order to be able to launch this product, Amazon became an original equipment manufacturer (OEM). It has linked the Kindle into a digital media platform that used both transaction and subscription based content delivery. Content producers have also partnered up with Amazon to create new content for the Kindle. Even after changing their business model several times, their ability to improve operational efficiencies such as shopping convenience, discount pricing, ease of purchasing, reliability of order fulfillment, and to purchase a large quantity of products from suppliers allowing them to benefit from discounts and offer a wide selection of goods to their customers is the key to sustainable competitive advantage (Kotelnikov, V., N.D). Innovation Strategy: Amazon has redesigned Android 3.0, as a result, The Kindle Fire has a clean, user-friendly home screen without random widgets scattered within the interface. The company has spent several years building up their services such as their cloud music player, video service, Kindle e-books, Android App Store; therefore, the tablet has a vast amount of content. As a result, consumers will know exactly what to look for in the device, and they will know where to get its content. The price point of 199 USD ââ¬â compared to 269USD for the Xoom, 379USD for the Galaxy Tab, and 499USD for the iPad (A Tablet Buyers Guide, 2012) ââ¬â is a price consumers are willing to purchase and weigh off the opportunity cost. It will not affect a large portion of their disposable income; therefore, they are more likely to purchase it for their kids. It is much more appealing to purchase an item that is practical at a price of 199USD in comparison to other practical goods at >350USD price range. The objective of the Kindle Fire is mainly about media consumption. Amazon has supplied this device at a low price point, in return, customers are being hooked into Amazonââ¬â¢s digital distribution ecosystem. The main purpose of this is to buyers to purchase high margin items such as the Kindle Apps and E-Books. The Kindle Fire will become a platform for selling digital content, and its distributer will most likely subsidize some hardware to be able to sell more content in the long run. This is a similar approach to what they have done with the E-Reader Kindles. Adaptation Amazon.com has managed to adapt its markets to current events by creating promotional sales that are equivalent to specific dates of the year; for example, Black Friday, Christmas, and Veteranââ¬â¢s Day. They have daily, weekly, and monthly deals constantly running throughout the year. The companyââ¬â¢s website places recent products that are popular on their front page, in order to have people notice it. Furthermore, Amazon.com combats competition by allowing sellers to open their stores for a small fee of 9.99 USD a month, and taking a small percent free from supplierââ¬â¢s sales. Conclusion The essay first introduced Amazonââ¬â¢s business model. This model involved business strategy, foundation, and third party sellers. It then analyses Amazonââ¬â¢s competitive environment through SWOT and Porterââ¬â¢s Five Forces. To conclude, the company has unambiguous potential growth from agility and adaptation. Amazon.com has created one of the most unique e-commerce online store by having a variety of products as well as a huge customer base that, to this day, is steadily rising. Amazon.com is a behemoth e-commerce retailer, only time will tell what wonders and innovations this company will bring in the future. Bibliography A Tablet Buyers Guide. 2012. [ONLINE] Available at: http://community.digitalmediaacademy.org/15165-ipad-2-vs-kindle-fire-xoom-others-a-tablet-buyers-guide. [Accessed 20 November 2012]. Amazon.com Opens zShops ââ¬â Direct Marketing News. 1999. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.dmnews.com/Amazon.comcom-opens-zshops/article/62986/. [Accessed 14 November 2012]. Amazon.com: the Hidden Empire. 2011. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.slideshare.net/faberNovel/amazoncom-the-hidden-empire. [Accessed 14 November 2012]. Amazon.com; online bookstore. 2008. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.ukessays.com/essays/education/amazon.php. [Accessed 15 November 2012]. Analysing Amazon.com: Macro Environment and Competitive Forces ââ¬â Yahoo! Voices ââ¬â voices.yahoo.com. 2006. [ONLINE] Available at: http://voices.yahoo.com/analysing-amazoncom-macro-environment-competitive-138171.html?cat=31. [Accessed 15 November 2012]. Business Model Definition | Investopedia . N.D.[ONLINE] Available at: htt p://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/businessmodel.asp#axzz2CcsE9gly. [Accessed 18 November 2012]. Chaffey, D. Amazon.com case study ââ¬â Smart Insights Digital Marketing Advice. 2012. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.smartinsights.com/digital-marketing-strategy/online-business-revenue-models/amazon-case-study/. [Accessed 13 November 2012]. Dot-com bust definition in the Free Online Encyclopedia. 2012. [ONLINE] Available at: http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/dot-com+bust. [Accessed 14 November 2012]. E Marketing Lecture, Part 1. 2009. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.slideshare.net/Ballkultur/e-marketing-lecture-part-1-to-3. [Accessed 15 November 2012]. Fast Moving Consumer Goods: Amazon ââ¬â Business Model. 2009. [ONLINE] Available at: http://fmcgcentral.blogspot.co.uk/2009/01/amazon-business-model-company-overview.html. [Accessed 18 November 2012]. Hill, M., N.D. E-Business. Available at: http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/dl/free/0073195588/438531/sample_chapter3 .pdf. [Accessed 19 November 2012]. Jeff Bezos Biography ââ¬â Academy of tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-27569805371284452952020-01-08T04:55:00.001-08:002020-01-08T04:55:03.664-08:00Wicked Women In The Handmaids Tale - 897 Words Wicked Women In the dystopian novel, The Handmaidââ¬â¢s Tale penned by Margaret Atwood, Offred is a Handmaid in the Republic of Gilead, a totalitarian state that has replaced the United States of America. The goal of Gilead is to return to traditional values, meaning women as chattel property, censorship, bans on science and technology etc. Due to low reproduction rates, Handmaids are responsible for bearing children for elite households with wives that are unable to have children. Ceremonies are held monthly where Offred must have emotionless sex with the Commander of the household while his wife watches. The author detected patterns forming in American society and writes the consequence of these trends, drawing from the past as proof thatâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Itââ¬â¢s a club?â⬠I say. ââ¬Å"Well, thatââ¬â¢s what we call it, among ourselves. The club.â⬠ââ¬Å"I thought this sort of thing was strictly forbidden,â⬠I say. ââ¬Å"Well, officially,â⬠he says. ââ¬Å"But everyoneââ¬â¢s human, after all.â⬠I wait for him to elaborate on this, but he doesnââ¬â¢t, so I say, ââ¬Å"What does that mean? ââ¬Å"It means you canââ¬â¢t cheat Nature,â⬠he says. ââ¬Å"Nature demands variety, for men. It stands to reason, itââ¬â¢s part of the procreational strategy. Itââ¬â¢s Natureââ¬â¢s plan.â⬠I donââ¬â¢t say anything, so he goes on. ââ¬Å"Women know that instinctively.ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢ He says this as if he believes it, but he says many things that way. Maybe he believes it, maybe he doesnââ¬â¢t, or maybe he does both at the same time. Impossible to tell what he believes. The Commander asks rhetorical questions but then does not want an answer, instead he answers them himself because he does not in actuality want to hear Offredââ¬â¢s input. Through this dialogue we understand the behavior of the Commander. The Commanderââ¬â¢s moral blindness is apparent in his attempts to explain the virtues of Gilead but the one-sided nature of this conversation shows that he knows a lot less than he thinks he does.. Though, he is a high-ranking official in society he is one of the most clueless characters in the book, showing the nature of the government of Gilead. Most do not know what happens to the handmaids or what a handmaid really even does they are so separated from reality. ââ¬Å"So now that we donââ¬â¢t have different clothes,â⬠I say,Show MoreRelated Portents of the Monotheocracy in The Handmaids Tale Essay2421 Words à |à 10 PagesMonotheocracy in The Handmaids Taleà à à à à à American society has had certain cultural and political forces which have proliferated over the past few decades-described as the return to traditional Christian values. Television commercials promoting family values followed by endorsements from specific denominations are on the rise. As the public has become more aware of a shift in the cultural and political climate through the mass media, Margaret Atwood, in writing The Handmaids Tale, could have beenRead MoreHow Does Margaret Atwood Establish and Develop a Dystopian Narrative in Her Novel ââ¬Å¡Ãâà ²the Handmaidââ¬Å¡Ãâà ´s Taleââ¬Å¡Ãâà ´?2152 Words à |à 9 PagesThroughout Margaret Atwoodââ¬â¢s The Handmaidââ¬â¢s Tale an imagined place or state in which everything is unpleasant or bad, typically a totalitarian or environmentally degraded state is created through the use of multiple themes and narrative techniques. In a dystopia, we can usually find a society that has become all kinds of wrong, i n direct contrast to a utopia, or a perfect society. Like many totalitarian states, the Republic of Gilead starts out as an envisioned utopia by a select few: a remade world tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-9216836288454680472019-12-31T01:21:00.001-08:002019-12-31T01:21:03.414-08:00Depression Is a Common but Serious Illness - 776 Words All individuals experience feelings of emptiness and despair at some point in their life. When these feelings seem to consume oneââ¬â¢s life and not disappear it can lead to depression. Depression is a common but very serious illness. This illness affects the daily activities of an individual and the people that surround them. Depression can occur in many different ways. Major depressive episode, or major depression, is a period of intense depressed mood. This particular type of depression can occur at any age and have diverse characteristics depending on the circumstance. Individuals may experience a single episode or may have reoccurring episodes. Major depressive can affect a personââ¬â¢s sleep, school, work, and activities that once wereâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Individuals with this type of depression are at an elevated risk of forming major depressive disorder. Some depression disorders form under altering circumstances. For example, they may occur in seasonal patterns referred to as Seasonal Affective Disorder. This is when individuals typically become depressed in the fall or winter months and improve in the spring months. Most occur for several years before the diagnosis is properly made. The best treatment for this disorder is phototherapy. Psychotic depression is formed when an individual has serve depression in addition to a psychosis. This includes a person having delusions or hallucinations of some sort. Another form of depression often occurs after a woman experiences birth; this is called postpartum depression or ââ¬Å"baby bluesâ⬠. For any mother, after delivery, responsibility for a newborn, hormonal, and physical change can be a lot to process and can become overpowering. This illness is very common for women to experience after child-birth. In addition, Bipolar disorder is commonly associated with the changing in mood an individualââ¬â¢s mood rapidly. This instability can go from periods of mania to depression. This disorder is very common but is not as common as major depression or dysthymia. Almost all of individuals with bipolar disorder will suffer from recurrent episodes. There are three different types of bipolar disorders that are found in the DSM-IV-TR which include: Bipolar I, Bipolar II, andShow MoreRelatedDepression : A Common Serious Illness2133 Words à |à 9 PagesDepression Depression is a common serious illness. A lot of people believe that since they have had a bad day or two that they know all about depression, but thatââ¬â¢s not the case. Bad moods are common, they are bound to happen, but if your symptoms donââ¬â¢t subside there is a possibility that it could be clinical depression. The word depression itself is used so often in the wrong situations that the true definition of clinical depression can be lost. ââ¬Å"Clinical depression is a medically recognizedRead MoreDepression : A Common And Serious Medical Illness2172 Words à |à 9 Pages What is depression? Depression is a common and serious medical illness that negatively affects how you feel the way you think and how you act. Because of depression it causes feeling of deep sadness and/or the loss of interest in activities he/she once enjoyed. Furthermore, it can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems and it can also decrease a personââ¬â¢s ability to function/ give it their 100% at work, home or school. Of depression symptoms, could be the change in appetite causingRead MoreMental Illness And Condition That Influences The Brain1654 Words à |à 7 PagesDefine the mental illness. Depression is a mental illness and condition that influences the brain. The mental illness affects an individualââ¬â¢s feelings and thoughts negatively which results in the lowering of oneââ¬â¢s mood. 2. Describe the nature of the mental illness. Depression is a real mental condition that affects many people around the world. It affects all ages, social backgrounds and genders. There are many signs and symptoms of depression. Common symptoms of depression are sleeping problemsRead MoreDepression : The Common Misconception Of Depression1366 Words à |à 6 PagesSelanis May 27, 2013 Psych C Block Depression Nowadays Depression is a term that is often misused in society, the common misconception of depression is being sad for one or two days, but depression is much more severe than being sad or upset for a short period of time. Merriam- Webster Dictionary defines depression as ââ¬Å" A serious medical condition in which a person feels very sad, hopeless, and unimportant and is often unable to live in a normal way.â⬠Depression is usually a long period of sadnessRead MoreDepression And Its Effects On Society992 Words à |à 4 PagesDepression is more than just a feeling of sadness; it can easily gain control of an individualââ¬â¢s life if these feelings continue. Depression According to Depression scholarly (n.d), depression, also known as major depression, is a ââ¬Å"mind-set disorder that causes a constant feeling of misery and misfortune of investmentâ⬠(Depression scholarly, n.d). Depression also refers to ââ¬Å"an array of abnormal variations in the mood of a personâ⬠. This condition not only affects an individualââ¬â¢s thoughts andRead MoreMental Health1329 Words à |à 6 Pagesof drug or alcohol use, lack of sleep or physical illness. It can also be used to describe long-term psychiatric conditions, which may have significant effects on an individualââ¬â¢s functioning. Some of the most common mental health problems are; anxiety, depression, psychosis, mania, schizophrenia, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, OCD. A qualified clinician should only diagnose such conditions. Anxiety and depression feature as the two most common reasons for people to consult their doctor. ThereRead MoreClincal Depression Essay1445 Words à |à 6 PagesClincal Depression Depression is a very common disease that will affect a large percentage of the population at some point during their life span. At least 10% of all people will suffer from a major depressive disorder, while even a larger percentage will suffer from some type of mild depression. It is a serious disease that has been linked to other physical and mental illnesses. It has also been a cause of death in numerous cases due to suicide and heart disease. The most disturbing factRead MoreMental Disorders And The United States1370 Words à |à 6 Pagesmisunderstand mental disorders and donââ¬â¢t bother trying to correct mistakes made by themselves or others. Depression is no exception. Although it is one of the most common mental disorders categorized in the United States, how is it still such an issue? Although it is so common many people do not recognize the signs in others due to media portrayal, gender stereotypes, and the many misconceptions about this serious mental disorder. People s moods never stay the same, they change depending on your life s currentRead MoreWhat Does Depression Mean?896 Words à |à 4 PagesWhat does depression mean? When you hear the word depression you think of being down or sad, but you donââ¬â¢t usually think of it as a mental illness or disease. In todayââ¬â¢s society we hide depression from others because we feel it is not acceptable to be sad, or to let others know that we have faults. Depression is a darkness that can overwhelm you, it can take your happiness away and replaces it with negative thoughts. Many people use depression to attract attention, which gives depression a bad reputationRead MoreSubstance Abuse And Mental Illness990 Words à |à 4 PagesA Review of Substance Abuse and Mental Illness Substance use is very common among people diagnosed with mental illness. This paper will examine the results of two studies on, at high risk and want to quit: Marijuana use among adults with depression or serious psychological distress by Yuyan Shi (2014). Factors associated with depression and suicide attempts in patients undergoing rehabilitation for substance use by Ortiz-Gomez, Lopez-Canul, and Arankowsky-Sanoval (2014). In conducting their study tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-15746219494897704532019-12-22T21:06:00.001-08:002019-12-22T21:06:04.334-08:00Anorexia Nervosa And Binge Eating Disorder - 1045 Words There are varieties of eating disorders. The main ones are Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder. In one sample, the prevalence was as high as 80 % for patients diagnosed with restrictive anorexia nervosa, 43 % in anorexia nervosa binge-eating/purging subtype, 39. % in bulimia nervosa, and 32 % in eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS). I am currently acquainted with a friend who has been diagnosed with, and is currently in treatment for, Anorexia Nervosa, also known as Anorexia. Anorexia is the most dangerous eating disorder because it can be unseen, it is very unhealthy, and the effect it has on the victimââ¬â¢s life is devastating. The first reason I think Anorexia is the worst eating disorder is because it can be unseen. The victim of Anorexia Nervosa mainly wants to stay confided in themselves with their thoughts and how they feel. They stay secluded with their thoughts because they donââ¬â¢t want anyone to think that they arenââ¬â ¢t the ââ¬Å"perfectâ⬠person that everyone may think they are. They will strive to be perfect in every way possible, and will even push themselves to death if that is what it takes. They usually tend to keep all of their feelings to themselves also. If they feel sad, depressed, or even angry, then they will show that they are feeling happy, when in all actuality, they are not. Along with the emotions and feelings that they hide within themselves, they also have a constant battle going on in their head. This battleShow MoreRelatedAnorexia Nervosa And Binge Eating Disorder965 Words à |à 4 PagesAnorexia Nervosa There are varieties of eating disorders. The main ones are Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder. I am currently acquainted with a friend who has been diagnosed with, and is currently in treatment for, Anorexia Nervosa, also known as Anorexia. Anorexia is the most dangerous eating disorder because it can be unseen, it is very unhealthy, and the effect it has on the victimââ¬â¢s life is devastating. The first reason I think Anorexia is the worst eating disorderRead MoreAnorexia Nervosa And Binge Eating Disorder1626 Words à |à 7 Pagesbreakfast daily? Teenagers and even adults all over the world are suffering with various eating disorders very commonly due to the thin models they see on billboards, magazine covers, social media, and everywhere else they go. The common eating disorders include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder the earliest case of an eating disorder can be traced to prehistoric times, and these disorders can have extremely negative effects on oneââ¬â¢s health. Therefore the fashion industry shouldRead MoreEating Disorders : Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia, And Binge Eating1453 Words à |à 6 PagesIn the United States of America 20 million women, and 10 million men suffer from a clinically significant eating disorder at some time in their life. There are three types of eating disorders, Anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and binge eating. Eatin g disorders can be life-threatening conditions that can affect a personââ¬â¢s physical health, and emotional. Something that serious has people wondering what exactly is causing these people to risk their health on it? One possibility would be social influencesRead More The Prevalence Of Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, And Binge Eating Disorder1723 Words à |à 7 PagesPrevalence Of Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, And Binge Eating Disorder How prevalent is anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and other eating disorders? Without the knowledge of research, one is likely to think eating disorders are quite prevalent in society today. However, research proves that eating disorders, in general, are not as prevalent as one might think without any knowledge of the subject. Prevalence of an eating disorder refers to the number of cases of an eating disorder within aRead MoreEffects Of Anorexia Nervosa And Binge Eating Disorder ( Deans )1808 Words à |à 8 Pagespraises eating disorders. The most common eating disorders today are bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa, and binge eating disorder (Deans). Although these terrible diseases are just recently being researched and cured, there have been cases documented all the way back to the eightieth century (Deans). The most research is done in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia (Perloff). Bulimia nervosa is associated with dieting, or not losing weight quickly enough, anorexia nervosa is categorizedRead MoreBulimia Nervosa and Anorexia Nervosa Essay997 Words à |à 4 PagesEating disorders are extremely harmful and rising in prevalence. . The two most common eating disorders are Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa. In this essay, I will compare and contrast these two disorders. This essay will also assess the symptoms, causes, health affects and the most prevalent characteristics of people diagnosed with these two eating disorders. ââ¬Å"Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by self-starvation to avoid obesity. People with this disorder believe they are overweight, evenRead MoreThe Three Main Types Of Eating Disorders1305 Words à |à 6 PagesEating Disorders The three main types of eating disorders: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating, are complex pschyatriac disorders. The classification and diagnosis of each disorder is challenging because diagnostic symptoms and behaviours overlap. These disorders consist of various biological, psychological and sociological factors. They frequently coexist with other illnesses such as depression, substance abuse, or anxiety disorders. (ANAD) Eating disorders are commonly associatedRead MoreEating Disorders And Anorexia Nervosa782 Words à |à 4 PagesBinge Eating Disorder is a recent addition to the DSM-5. This disorder is characterized by regular episodes of binge eating. An individual experiencing this disorder will usually not Binge use compensatory behaviors, such as self-induced vomiting or over-exercising after they binge eat. Many people with Binge Eating Disorder are overweight or obese. (Butcher, Hooley, J. M., Mineka, 2013). Anorexia Nervosa Anorexia nervosa is a mental illness that is characterized by an unrealistic fear of weightRead MoreEating Disorders : Deterioration Of The Mind1117 Words à |à 5 PagesEating Disorders: Deterioration of the Mind By: Genevieve Narkiewicz Advance Placement Psychology Mr.Cuetara May 4th, 2015 Abstract Eating disorders are in no way, to be considered ââ¬Å"no big dealâ⬠. It affects the lives of many poor unsuspecting human beings and in some cases, fatally takes lives. This topic presents many things that most people donââ¬â¢t know. Such as the fact that bulimia nervosa has similar symptoms to using the drug heroin! Rotten teeth, pale and dry skin, and even failingRead MoreHow Eating Disorders Affect Health772 Words à |à 3 PagesEating Disorders are conditions in which involves irregular eating habits, either insufficient or excessive food, that affects inimical the bodyââ¬â¢s image and mental health (Wikipedia). It affects men and women of all ages, but it has a greater impact among adolescences and young adults. In the United States, 24 million Americans are battling eating disorders, in which 1 million are males and 23 million are females. An individual who portraits this condition may have an irrational self-image thought tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-71131848916351019412019-12-14T17:36:00.001-08:002019-12-14T17:36:04.455-08:00Mitb Free Essays Malaysian Treasury Bills (MTB) MTB are short-term securities issued by the Government of Malaysia to raise short-term funds for Governmentââ¬â¢s working capital. Bills are sold at discount through competitive auction, facilitated by Bank Negara Malaysia, with original maturities of 3-month, 6-month, and 1-year. The redemption will be made at par. We will write a custom essay sample on Mitb or any similar topic only for you Order Now MTB are issued on weekly basis and the auction will be held one day before the issue date. The successful bidders will be determined according to the most competitive yield offered. Normal auction day is Thursday and the result of successful bidders will be announced one day after. MTB are tradable on yield basis (discounted rate) based on bands of remaining tenure (e. g. , Band 4= 68 to 91 days to maturity). The standard trading amount is RM5 million, and it is actively traded in the secondary market. Malaysian Islamic Treasury Bills (MITB) MITB are short-term securities issued by the Government of Malaysia based on Islamic principles. MITB are usually issued on a weekly basis with original maturities of 1-year. Normal auction day is Thursday and the results of successful bidders will be announced one day after, on Friday. Both conventional and Islamic institutions can buy and trade on MITB. The MITB are structured based on Baiââ¬â¢ Al-Inah principle, part of sell and buy back concept. Bank Negara Malaysia on behalf of the Government will sell the identified Governmentââ¬â¢s assets on competitive tender basis, to form the underlying transaction of the deal. Allotment is based on highest price tendered (or lowest yield). Price is determined after profit element is imputed (discounting factor). The successful bidders will then pay cash to the Government. The bidders will subsequently sell back the assets to the Government at par based on credit term. The Government will issue MITB to bidders to represent the debt created. MITB are tradable on yield basis (discounted rate) based on bands of remaining tenure (e. g. , Band 4= 68 to 91 days to maturity). The standard trading amount is RM5 million, and it is actively traded based on Bai ad-Dayn (debt trading) principle in the secondary market. How to cite Mitb, Essay examples tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-13392711601110584082019-12-06T14:00:00.001-08:002019-12-06T14:00:03.457-08:00The Hazards Of Smoking Essay Research Paper free essay sample The Hazards Of Smoking Essay, Research Paper The jeopardies of smoking Smoking coffin nails is really risky to the wellness of tobacco users and the wellness of the people around them. Many people die because of inhaling coffin nail fume every twelvemonth. Some of the harmful ingredients in coffin nail fume are nicotine, C monoxide, and pitch. Nicotine is habit-forming. It is besides one of the most unsafe chemicals in coffin nail baccy. Nicotine begins to consequence the a tobacco user s blood force per unit area, the flow of blood from their bosom, their bosom round, and take a breathing rate. Cigarette tobacco users are addicted to the nicotine in coffin nails merely like a drug addict is addicted to heroine or cocaine. When a individual smokes a coffin nail the organic structure reacts about instantly. Carbon monoxide is the same toxicant gas released from a auto s fumes pipe. Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odourless extremely toxic gas that reduces the sum of O the blood can transport. Carbon monoxide amendss the interior walls of the arterias that encourages the buildup of fat. Another Chemical in coffin nails is tar. Pitch contains at least 30 malignant neoplastic disease doing thorns. It is a mixture of several substances that condense into a gluey substance in the lungs. Tobacco makers have produced a coffin nail that is low in pitch and nicotine to cut down the opportunity of malignant neoplastic disease. Filters help to cut down the sum of chemicals inhaled by tobacco users but they do non halt them wholly. Cigarettes have some really harmful ingredients in them. One disease related to smoke is bosom disease. Some respiratory related diseases that have been linked with smoke are lung malignant neoplastic disease, malignant neoplastic disease of the voice box, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. The jeopardies of these diseases increases with the me asure of coffin nails smoked and the length of clip the wont continues. Smokers are warned by a compulsory label on all coffin nail boxes every clip they smoke. Smokers are cognizant that smoking effects their wellness by agencies of lung malignant neoplastic disease, bosom disease, and emphysema. All of these are evitable. When a tobacco user inhales baccy fume into his/her lungs it passes through tubings called bronchial tube which causes harm to the cell liner. During the exposure to cigarette smoking the bronchial tube produces excess mucous secretion to clean away the stuff left behind the fume. Some of the sings are uninterrupted coughing, frequently coughing up mucous secretions assorted with blood, and chest strivings. If a tobacco user quits at this point, there is a good opportunity that the bronchial tube can return to normal. Heart disease is dramatically increased by smoking coffin nails. The good intelligence is that a tobacco user s hazard of developing lung and other malignant neoplastic diseases can be reduced by discontinuing. The hazard reduces instantly when a tobacco user starts smoking less or quits smoking wholly. Emphysema is a lung disease that destroys the snap of the lungs and impairs its ability to inhale and expire decently. In earlier symptoms of emphysema tobacco users finally find it hard to take a breath. For case, during or afte r physical activity a tobacco user will happen themselves short of breath, or even panting for air. Victims of emphysema frequently die of bosom onslaughts because of the old ages of increased emphasis on the bosom. In advanced instances, emphysema and chronic bronchitis may do thorax malformations, overpowering disablement, bosom expansion, terrible respiratory failure or decease. Equally of import, is how cigarette fume effects the wellness of others. Secondhand fume is merely every bit unsafe as smoke. In a closed room coffin nail fume can bring forth adequate C monoxide to impact everyone who is in it so smoking has become restricted within most companies and concerns. Smoke is normally restricted to designated countries that are usually outside the edifice. Pregnant adult females decidedly, should non smoke. When the female parent fumes, so does the unborn babe. A pregnant adult female who smokes passes the toxicants of the coffin nail baccy on to her babe. Pregnant female parents besides run a high hazard of holding kids with birth defects. Their babes frequently weigh less, which causes extra jobs for the babe s wellness. The sawbones general warns that smoking # 8220 ; may perplex gestation # 8221 ; and # 8220 ; smoking by pregnant adult females may ensue in foetal hurt, premature birth and low birth weight # 8221 ; Non-smokers involuntarily inhale fume from other people s coffin nails, which sometimes causes them oculus, nose or throat annoyance, in add-on to coughing and sneeze. Nonsmokers who live in the same house as a tobacco user have about twice the hazard of developing lung malignant neoplastic disease as non tobacco users who live in a fume free-environment. Here is what you can make to protect you and your household from the unsafe effects of fume and tobacco users: wear t fume in your house or allow anyone else smoke in your house ; don t fume or let anyone to smoke around your kids particularly babies and yearlings ; and in eating houses inquire to sit in the nonsmoking country. In shutting, it has been medically proven that coffin nails have many unsafe effects on a tobacco user s life. Cigarette smoke is the taking cause of premature decease in this state. Smoking non merely harms the wellness of the user, but besides the wellness of non-smokers who portion the same infinite. Not smoking and halting tobacco users from smoking are the two most of import things we can make for ourselves and our loves 1s in order to populate longer lives. Part II I chose to make my study on smoking coffin nails because I frequently see immature people smoking believing it is cool. Not merely does it destroy their image, but it besides ruins their wellness. Young people are ever seeking to smoke, and older, wiser people are ever seeking to discontinue. In making this study I have learned more about the unsafe chemicals I have ever known were in coffin nails. I have learned that cigarettes cause more than merely lung malignant neoplastic disease. Besides, I have learned that filters in coffin nails are non every bit good as I thought. Bibliography 1 ) # 8220 ; Smoking # 8221 ; Encarta. 1997ed. CD-ROM Redmond: Microsoft, 1993 333 tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-47366195250260841252019-11-29T03:40:00.001-08:002019-11-29T03:40:04.637-08:00Marijuana Essays (662 words) - Drug Control Law, Herbalism Marijuana For the Better I have often wondered why the War on Drugs has not been very effective, in fact, it really has done nothing. Take for example marijuana. It is banned in any form of growth and use everywhere in the United States. Yet, this drug gets just as much use as alcohol. I probably know just about as many potheads as I do alcoholics, yet the persistence of the government to waste countless billions of dollars to try and wipe out the use of this drug is pathetic. Take for example a part of our history. The year is 1920, the government decides on the idea of the prohibition of alcohol, and the Eighteenth Amendment, and the prohibition era began. What did this era in our history accomplish, nothing. Organized crime rose, criminal influence rose, many people died from poor imported illegal products, and yet the prohibition period ended, and alcohol was allowed once again in our society. A new trend, similar to this one has already begun a long time ago. This is the prohibition of marijuana in all forms. Let's take in to account all of the uses of marijuana, or hemp, not just the use to get high. The fibers from hemp can be used to make all kinds of things, from paper to fibers, and oils, medicines, and even food. Take paper, if we had another source in which to make paper from, we could stop the destruction of forests which deplete our air of oxygen. More trees also mean more natural beauty in our environment, which is constantly being destroyed. Less pollution from logging will also be seen. If hemp was allowed ti be grown for these reasons, think of all the money struggling farmers could make. With the tobacco industry going under more every day, these farmers are going to be homeless because they will not have any source of income. States which once received most of there income from the growth of tobacco can now flourish with the growth of hemp. Medicinal marijuana has been a popular debate for a long time. People with painful diseases, in which medical officials agree that medicinal marijuana would help these people out, have to do without this treatment because the government thinks that it is bad to smoke marijuana. So, I propose that we legalize marijuana and end this prohibition. Look at how much better the country ran after the ending of the alcohol prohibition, crime dropped, as well as murders and other horrific acts of violence from man to fellow man. Also, the prison population, which is filled with inmates charged with minor possession or selling charges, would be opened up to the criminals who really deserve to be there. I would much rather have a pot smoker walking down the street next to me than a murderer who was given a lighter sentence due to prison overcrowding. I read a quote for Abraham Lincoln recently, and it read, Prohibition will work great injury to the cause of temperance. ...for it goes beyond the bounds of reason in that it attempts to control a man's appetite by legislation and makes a crime out of things that are not crimes. A prohibition law strikes a blow at the very principles upon which our government was founded. Granted, there will still be a select few who will take advantage of this if it were to be made into a law, but I feel that it is a risk worth taking. With legalization, crime will drop so greatly that a few criminals will not affect as many people as would if this prohibition still stood. So take a second and picture the country with legalization, less crime, more forests, more jobs for farmers, more income for states, medicine for the sick, cheaper clothing and fabrics, and many more practical uses of hemp that the country would benefit from if legalization were to take place, I would be satisfied. Medicine Essays tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-60718598656338768952019-11-25T11:14:00.001-08:002019-11-25T11:14:04.365-08:00Using the Bible for Writing IdeasUsing the Bible for Writing Ideas Using the Bible for Writing Ideas Using the Bible for Writing Ideas By Ali Hale Dwayne Phillips commented on my post How to Generate Hundreds of Writing Ideas to say: I find lots of short story ideas in the Bible. As someone once said, ââ¬Å"The copyright has expired, so you are in no danger.â⬠I agree that the Bible can be a very rich source of ideas. This doesnââ¬â¢t just apply to fiction writers ââ¬â a blogger could adapt a Biblical parable as an anecdotal-style part of a blog post, for instance. Christian Fiction is a big market, with expanded versions of Bible stories and novels based on Christian themes, but thatââ¬â¢s not what Iââ¬â¢m focusing on here. This article is about finding inspiration from the Bible for your own writing, whether or not youââ¬â¢re a Christian. Ideas from Bible characters The Bible is full of fascinating characters. Some are heroic, others are villains, and many occupy the intriguing grey area in between ââ¬â good men who do something awful (Moses, who kills a man; Peter, who denies knowing Jesus) or cowards whose find courage (Jonah, who tries to run away from God). If you struggle to come up with characters for your fiction, why not pick one of the people in the Bible? Here are some to start you off: Peter (one of the disciples) ââ¬â hot-headed and impulsive but truly loved Jesus Judas (the disciple who betrayed Jesus) ââ¬â interesting for any story about a traitor within a close-knit group Paul (wrote many of the letters in the New Testament) ââ¬â radical conversion to a cause heââ¬â¢d formerly hated Daniel friends (Book of Daniel, in the Old Testament) ââ¬â sticking to what they believe despite persecution and death threats One interesting fiction idea would be to use some of these characters in a modern day setting. I loved this article on If Bible Characters kept blogsâ⬠¦ You could also try writing Facebook profiles for different characters. Thereââ¬â¢s a list of famous Bible characters here. Ideas From Parables In the Gospels, Jesus tells lots of parables to His disciples and to various crowds. The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines ââ¬Å"Parableâ⬠as ââ¬Å"a usually short fictitious story that illustrates a moral attitude or a religious principleâ⬠. You can find a list of Jesusââ¬â¢s parables here. So how could you use them? Rewrite a parable in a modern-day setting If you have a Christian background, youââ¬â¢ll probably have seen a few sketches in Church which involve a parable updated to a modern-day setting (The Good Samaritan is a popular one for this). Try taking one of the parables and setting it in a modern inner city, or a high-tech office. A twist on this is to update the parable and also change the ending ââ¬â this can be very effective if your readers will be familiar with the parable and will think they know whatââ¬â¢s coming. Use a parableââ¬â¢s plot as the basis of a longer story Some parables could easily be expanded and developed into full-length short stories ââ¬â even novels. Ones I think would work well for this are: The Unmerciful Servant (a servant is forgiven a lot of debt, but then demands repayment from a fellow servant who only owes him a little). You could try writing this as a tale-with-a-twist short story, perhaps leading the reader to expect that the servant would be merciful. The Prodigal Son (a young man demands his share of the inheritance, lives an extravagant life until the money runs out, ends up destitute and returns home to his father). This would be great for a coming-of-age story of character change. The Wicked Husbandmen (the people entrusted to take care of a vineyard kill the servants whoââ¬â¢ve come to collect the harvested fruit, then kill the ownerââ¬â¢s son). This could be a thriller or crime story. If youââ¬â¢ve used the Bible for inspiration in your writing, whether fiction or non-fiction, tell us about it in the comments Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Types and Forms of HumorEmpathy "With" or Empathy "For"?5 Examples of Misplaced Modifiers tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-39575256907844516042019-11-21T18:38:00.001-08:002019-11-21T18:38:03.247-08:00Part a is online discussion (hiring for fit ) and part b is case study EssayPart a is online discussion (hiring for fit ) and part b is case study - Essay Example This current selection approach has been noted to be effective because it is targeted on specific behaviors that enhance diversity, which in turn increases person-organization fit. 2. The organization has already spent resources to plan and implement training for employees. It would be important to review the effect of the training on staff motivation. If the training has been effective, employees should exhibit improvement in their motivation. However, since there has been no improvement, the evaluation could fault the training. Thus, the second option would be to revise the current training so as to have an effective one. Intervention topics type of training would be appropriate for this case since the objective is to improve employee motivation and subsequently customer service. Making the training off-the-job would enhance concentration among the employees as noted by Fried and Fottler (250) thus increase the likelihood of meeting the intended objectives. Since it would be conducted in small groups so as not to interrupt normal operations, group discussions would be beneficial for idea tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-46942781653698270432019-11-20T16:21:00.001-08:002019-11-20T16:21:05.404-08:00Discuss the effects of MEMS on product design, giving detailed Essay - 1Discuss the effects of MEMS on product design, giving detailed examples of at least two product histories - Essay Example product design in industrial application systems and in the manufacturing of accelerometers is very elaborate, being evidenced by developments in iPhone and TAHE refrigerators, as shall be seen in the discussion which ensues forthwith. The reason behind iPhone and TAHE refrigerators increased volume of sales is because of the integration of MEMS technology into their operating systems, since this approach highly promotes effective and finer product design. MEMS technology has greatly promoted iPhone technology and product design by incorporating the gyroscope technology into its product design, since 2008. A gyroscope is a device that is used for measuring and maintaining orientation, based on the fundamental principles of the conservation of angular momentum. The applicability of the MEMS technology when using the gyroscope in order to further iPhone product designs is underscored by the fact that these gyroscopes use spinning rotors at the centre, in order to read changes that have taken place in orientation. It is for this reason that this kind of gyroscope is referred to as MEMS gyroscope (ADI, 2013, 1). The MEMS technology specifically achieves this feat through the process of integration. Specifically, MEMS does this by integrating electronic and mechanical components, and embedding the same into the entire system, at a very small scale. This feat can easily be achieved through the use of micro-machined silicon sensors and ASIC. For instance, the AGDI 2022 FP6AQ chip is found in the iPhone 4 and it also serves as the MEMS gyroscope which is reputed for having been designed by STMicroelectronics (Kolesar, 1998, 1). There is also the use of chip work which helps embed the gyroscope into the entire MEMS system. The same chip work is found in iPhone 4 and is identical to an off-the-shelf STMicroelectronics which is known as the L3G4200D. Since 2008, the use of GK10A also came in handy, since it oscillates or vibrates when the drive signal is triggered or tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-19863804527710698652019-11-18T15:03:00.001-08:002019-11-18T15:03:02.959-08:00Contract law- solving a problem Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsContract law- solving a problem - Assignment Example This means the agreement is regulated and injured parties is provided with remedy should the contractual obligations fail to occur. In this case, Pete on realizing that the business is registering lower profits as a result of foreign competition approaches his landlord to have a reduction in payment of rent. Nath on the other hand ascents to this with a promise. This however does not qualify as a consideration in the contract. Whincup (2006) This case relates to the Rule in the High Trees (Central London Property Ltd v. High Trees House Ltd, 1947). High Trees entered into a rental agreement to rent flats from CLT. As the war proceeded High Trees, lack of enough clients made it difficult for High Trees to receive adequate rental income. Consequently, CLT accepted to receive reduced amount of rent. On completion of the war, CLT demanded full rent as the number of tenants started to rise. The court ruled that original full rent would be paid. However CLT could have no claim for the arrears. This ruling was based on the promissory estoppel that hindered CLT from going back to his promise (Ottley and Rush, 2006). As ruled out in the Pinnelââ¬â¢s case, (1602). Cole owed as sum of à £8.50 to Pinnel. This was due on November the 11th. Pinnel however made a request and Cole sent a lesser payment of à £5.11 on the first day of October. Pinnel agreed this amount in full settlement. Pinnel thereafter sued his debtor for the amount owed. The court decided that acceptance of part-payment was not a consideration but this would be binding in the case that fresh consideration be provided by the debtor if the creditor requested so. In relation to the case of Central London Property Ltd v. High Trees House Ltd, 1947), Nath accepted half rental payment. Pete promise was non-contractual and not sufficient for consideration. According to (Bose, 2008), promise made by debtor in payment of time barred debt tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-81657351186416847972019-11-16T03:35:00.001-08:002019-11-16T03:35:13.665-08:00Social Media Benefits In Education English Language EssaySocial Media Benefits In Education English Language Essay In todays technological environment, it is important that teachers try their best to make use of this innovative technology. As explained by Thaker, this technology can be used to facilitate communication between the students and the teachers. However, this new form of communication can also help parents in getting involved in the learning of their children. One way of enhancing this communication is through the use of social media (Bienstock, 2012) (Thaker, 2011). There are a number of social networking sites that can be used. Facebookà [1]à , Twitterà [2]à , Edmodoà [3]à , LinkedInà [4]à , Twiducateà [5]à , Classroom 2.0à [6]à and Google+à [7]à are just few of the existent social media that one can make use of in education. These media are being constantly used by almost everyone on everyday basis. The results obtained from Pingdom (2012) on the demographics of 24 different social media sites show that these media are being used by different persons in different age groups. In fact, the study shows that even teenagers are making use of such media (Pingdom, 2012). However, one might argue, should we use such media in education, even though we know of the problems and issues related to such media? However others might reason that we cannot just eliminate the use of such a valuable and easily accessible resource. Bienstock (2012) makes reference to the New York Times article in which Ms. Pust states I think that we would do more good keeping kids safe by teaching them how to use these tools and navigate this online world rather than locking it down and pretending that it is not in our realm. (Preston, 2011 in Bienstock, 2012) In the following sections, we will discuss the advantages that social media offers in the area of education. However, we are also going to point out the problems that these media might present and how to cope and manage them. Social Media Benefits in Education Students Develop communication skills students can gain social confidence from online interaction, which may help them feel more secure in new situations Increase skill in technology students become more familiar with new and emerging technologies, as well as increase their media literacy through exposure to many different types of online media Since many students already use these forms of technology, they may be more engaged in learning if they utilize it Online communities can be very diverse and expose students to many new view points, ideas, and opinions Social media can also be a source to increase talent to work on group projects Students can develop an optimistic image of themselves by putting best qualities out there Enhanced Collaboration acquiring information can be accomplished by students alone. But problem-solving skills are often better enhanced in a collaborative environment. Social media allow students to work together on projects beyond an individuals capability Teachers and Schools Increased access to resources since learning materials can be shared Collaboration amongst teachers and exchanging of lesson plans and information Can reach parents who are incapable to come to school in a cheap and effective way Can form partnerships with schools in other states or countries Enhanced Flipping Social media can be used to enhance the teacher-student relationship. Students view recorded lectures or read curricular material outside the classroom. Inside the classroom, students complete what usually qualifies as homework. Teachers act as tutors, helping students through problem areas in their work. Modernize Discussions through social media teacher can credit students for in-class participation. This requires teacher to monitor which students are speaking up when. Communicate Between Classes Teachers can send out announcements, share ideas or pose questions to pupils, especially when classes are spaced several days apart. How well are schools using social media? (Harrison, 2012) Successes Challenges Making safe communities some sites allow teachers to control online environments thus reducing dangers associated with social media Lack of knowledge a schools social media account should be managed by someone who understands social media Encouraging collaboration students can critique and comment on each others assignments. They can easily work in teams online and asking teachers questions or starting a discussion is easy Lack of features lack of engagement for students can make them feel as if the school doesnt care. Features should include one-on-one connection Invitation to produce content social media can invite students and schools to produce content for both enrolled and prospective students. This can show the schools personality More than a presence a social media profile requires daily maintenance and interaction with students The NCF (Ministry of Education, Employment and Family 2011) argues that literacy, numeracy and digital literacy are the foundations for further learning. Our students are digital natives whether we like it or not. For us as teachers we have to accept this and exploit it to deliver the subject content to our students. Students and Social Media Our students are continuously communicating through social media, in Malta the most popular one being Facebook. Can we stop this? No we can not as out students are equipped with laptops, tablets, iPads, smartphones all providing easier access to social networks. Introducing social media in education is not an easy step, as mentioned before students are continuously using it with most of them ignoring the possible consequences. When the topic is approached only on a theoretical level students think that it will never happen to them, for them there is nothing wrong uploading any kind of photos to appear cool with their friends. They can not perceive that once a photo is available on the Internet is available to anybody even though they select the Only Friends option. Social Media Problems and How to Minimise Them? The only way to deal with this problem is through educational videos that illustrate various situations which teenagers found themselves in because they didnt know it could happen to them. A teacher can start by showing these two videos http://viewpure.com/nOUu1fldBbI and http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hK5OeGeudBMfeature=channel and discuss a set of questions with the students to elicit important points from both videos; the uploading of photos, anyone can watch your photos without you being aware of it. Students need to be educated towards social media. They have a tool in their hands, they think of knowing how to use it but most of them dont. Teachers and parents have to understand we cannot stop the social media hype. We as teachers have to educate about this tool. What can go wrong? Many students ask the questions: What can go wrong? These are some of the answers that we as educators need to provide: Cyberbullying (CEOP, 2007):: By using technology like mobiles or the internet, this type of bullying can affect someone not just at school, but at home as well. Because it takes place in the virtual world, it has a 24/7 nature and can make someone feel upset or threatened in their own home. Students should be educated that this kind of bullying can be evidenced. With cyber bullying they can save text/emails/WebPages, print them and used as a proof to catch the bully. Sexting: Someone taking an indecent image of themselves, and sending it to their friends or boy/girlfriend via a mobile phone or some other form of technology is sometimes referred to as sexting. Once these images have been taken and sent to others, control is lost of them and they can end up anywhere.à They could be seen by friends and family, a future employer, or even, in some cases, end up in the possession an offender! This also puts that person who originally sent the images in a vulnerable position (CEOP, 2007):, as somebody they may or may not know now has these images and could use technology to bully, harass or even try to locate them as seen in the videos. Students have to be educated to think Do I want my schoolmates to see these photos, my family? Hacking: Students should always choose the Log Out option so their account can not be hacked. False Identity: People arent always honest with who they are, their age or what they look like. Students have to be share of whom they are confirming as a friend. It is very easy to lie on the Internet and there is no way of knowing if someone is telling the truth. Even if someone shows them a photo of themselves, this could be a picture of someone else or could be faked. This applies to webcam or video footage too; seeing a person in a video, does not mean it is them. Students have to be educated not to meet people they encountered over the Internet. Addiction: One has to be aware of the time and effort spent in establishing connections. It is very easy to become addicted, for some, these sites become one of the major concerns (CEOP, 2007). This can have adverse effects on a persons ability to work efficiently and affects ones health as well. Sometimes the best lesson to educate our students is not through theory but providing them with actual facts. For example this article http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2201064/Man-murders-girl-16-testify-raping-years-agolured-death-posing-teen-Facebook.html narrates the story of a girl killed by her rapist before she could testify against him. He posed as a teenage boy on Facebook and told Shania Gray (the victim) he had a crush on her and they agreed to meet. He took her to a secluded park and shot her (Pullman, 2012). Everyone has a Facebook account why shouldnt I? Our society, educators, parents cannot hide from the reality that social media are part of our culture. The future generation are approaching their lives differently as they integrate digital technologies- such as computers, the Internet, instant messaging, cell phones and e-mail throughout their daily activities. As educators we can propose the following simple but effective SMART Rules (UK Safer Internet Centre, 2012): Keep your personal information like address, mobile number safe. Make students think this question If I meet a stranger on the street would I give him my mobile number? The same reasoning has to be applied to a stranger met on the Internet. Dont Meet Up. Social networks can be a place to encounter with new people. Students must always know who you are talking to. If an adult they do not know asks them to meet up, they have to be educated to say no. Accepting (UK Safer Internet Centre, 2012): Educate students to think before they accept something from someone over the Internet as it might contain viruses with the sole purpose to steal information from someones computer used by a hacker to keep data on people perhaps engaged by paedophiles. If students do not know from whom it is and it has an attachment, they have to delete it. Reliable (UK Safer Internet Centre, 2012): Not everyone online can be trusted. Older men tend to lie about their age and who they are to meet female adolescents. This is a point we as educators need to stress onto; students have to know who they are talking to. Tell (UK Safer Internet Centre, 2012): Students should not be afraid of talking if someone is harassing or stalking them over the Internet. They have to talk with their parents, or a guidance teacher or any other trusted adult if someone makes them worried or uncomfortable online. Moreover if a student knows about a friend who has these kinds of problems he/she has to tell someone. It is not betraying him/her friends trust, it is helping and in some cases saving his/her friend. The Issue of No Physical Interaction Social media is a medium that enables communication between people from all over the world through the use of technology. Such interaction can be done from the comfort of your own home and this can facilitate the process tremendously. Some may argue that social media may present a challenge since the students are unable to socialise properly. This may be due to the fact that the interaction between peers is not presented in a physical manner. On the other hand, social media allows people to meet in ways that otherwise would have not been possible. Social media not only allows easier communication but eliminates the issue of geographical barriers. It allows students to form and (Tomaszewski, 2012) (Connolly, 2011) (Williams, 2011)maintain friendships, that otherwise would have been difficult or impossible. Such friendships allow students to learn and interact with other cultures other than their own. It allows wider knowledge sharing from people all over the world. Such interaction would not have been possible or would have been difficult and more costly if it had to be done physically. Therefore, when used with properly and with caution, social media allows not only learning to occur, but also friendships and knowledge sharing to take place. Avoid these when using Social Media We do not want more rules but as any other important tool Social Media should be used responsibly. We are in the day and age, were Social Media is used all the time by everyone and this is the main reason why we should be careful of what we do. We should educate our students how to use Social Media sites responsibly. These are a few rules, which if applied, help us appreciate the power of Social Media when used in the classroom. Post Illegal Activities Although your profile may be set to private there are other ways and means how this content can become public and be view by anyone on the web. Once public, it will be impossible to remove that content from the internet. Trash Your Teachers Bullying can also include interactions done on posts where teachers or school administration are mentioned. This can be a grave offence even if certain things may seem harmless to who posted them. Post Objectionable Content from School Computers or Networks Do not use the school computers to post objectionable information. Some school networks can track this activity. Post Confidential Information This is very important as already mentioned before everyone can see the information you post so be careful not to post any personal information where people can track you. Overly Specific Location Check-Ins Do not use Social Media to say that you are home alone or in a remote location this will help even persons who are not willing to help to find you. Lie/Cheat/Plagiarize If a lie is shared on Social Media it is most probably that everyone will get to know. There can also be investigations regarding cheating and plagiarism. Threaten Violence When a threat is posted online even if anonymous, there will be investigations by the police and eventually will trace the offender. Ignore School-Specific Policies Always abide by the policy of your school regarding Social Media. Unprofessional Public Profiles Students should be thoughtful of what to post online. Certain content might not be acceptable for an employer, who in the near future might go through ones profile. Do not say or put anything on your profile which you do not want a future employer to see. Never Rely on Privacy Settings 100% Students should never rely on privacy settings over good judgment,à [8]à says social media specialist, Andrew Moravick. Some Social Media networks have very good privacy settings but some are updated very often and not everyone can keep track. Post Emotionally Do not post anything on Social Media when feeling emotional about something. Thing may seem very different when analyzing the same scenario when feeling calm. As we can see, these are very simple rules students and everyone using Social Media can follow. We just have to keep in mind that anything posted irresponsibly on Social Media networks can have very negative effects. Conclusion So far experts remind us that there are clear dos and donts for integrating social media in the classroom. Social technologies are here to stay and it is import to help students learn how to used social media. Guide students in how to think deliberately about their use and consider the outcomes of proper and improper use of social media. This goal can be appropriately reached when teacher have received appropriate training on the use of social media. Full backing and support of the school administration is mandatory to fulfill this objective. Turning social media into an educational tool can be used to further a students education and enrich it. tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5703604349285131220.post-36509943236033249692019-11-13T16:06:00.001-08:002019-11-13T16:06:02.515-08:00Job Interviews :: essays research papers Questions: Wat is th company vision? how would you describe the culture in the business? wat attracted you to the company and how long have u been there? how long do people stay in their roles? wat develeopment opportunities are in the role? 1 I have read the job description, can you expand on the job I will be doing? 2 What type of training is provided? 3 How do you see me in the role? 4 Do you have performance targets? 5 How will I know that I am doing well? 6 What are team members achieving? Ask questions that are focused on embodying your enthusiasm, as well as your willingness and ability: 1 What is the team working on at the moment? 2 Can I meet the team? 3 Can I look around? 4 What are your strategies for growth? 5 How soon do you want an employee in place? 6 If there was one major achievement that you would like to see happen within the role from the outset, what would it be? 7 Can you describe what made the last person successful in this role? 8 What are the immediate improvements or priorities that need to be applied to this role? 9 What changes would you like to see in the way the job is performed? 10 To ensure I would be able to hit the ground running would you be able to supply any procedures, literature or other supporting information in preparation for my first day in the role? "Why do you want to work for us?" Explain why you see the company as an attractive employer. Financial package should never be given as a reason, but think about things like the company culture, training program, company structure, the ability to cross-train into different technologies, or the company's ethic. Obviously these need to be relevant and well-researched. "Where do you see yourself in five years' time?" Think about where you really want to be within a company: in a lead role with a team under you; or a lead consultant; or a director of the company. Be ambitious but realistic and have direction in your answers. "What are your strengths and weaknesses?" Talk specifically about the positive things you've achieved to illustrate your strengths rather than generalising and make them relevant to the role you are going for. Try to show your weaknesses in a positive light and give examples of where you have addressed and overcome your weaknesses. "Why did you apply for this job?" The candidate should be careful not to mention a desire for promotion or money. tesliebranim1985http://www.blogger.com/profile/01152716769805268678noreply@blogger.com0